Scenario of an intellectual game in social studies for high school students. Team game in social studies “Tournament of Law Experts” Entertaining games and tasks in social studies
Activity – a person’s way of relating to the outside world, consisting in its transformation and subordination to the person’s goals.
Human activity has a certain similarity to the activity of an animal, but differs in its creative and transformative attitude to the surrounding world.
Motive – a set of external and internal conditions that cause the activity of the subject and determine the direction of activity. Motives can include: needs; social attitudes; beliefs; interests; attractions and emotions; ideals.
Purpose of activity – this is a conscious image of the result towards which a person’s action is aimed. An activity consists of a chain of actions. Action – is a process aimed at achieving a set goal.
People's activities unfold in various spheres of social life; their direction, content, and means are infinitely diverse.
Types of activities in which each person inevitably becomes involved in the process of his individual development: play, communication, learning, work.
A game – this is a special type of activity, the purpose of which is not the production of any material product, but the process itself - entertainment, recreation.
Characteristics of the game: occurs in a conditional situation, which, as a rule, changes quickly; in its process, so-called substitute objects are used; is aimed at satisfying the interests of its participants; promotes personality development, enriches it, equips it with the necessary skills.
Communication is an activity in which ideas and emotions are exchanged. It is often expanded to include exchange and material objects. This broader exchange represents communication [material or spiritual (informational)].
There are several classifications of communication.
In modern science, there are several approaches to the issue of the connection between activity and communication:
– communication is an element of any activity, and activity is a necessary condition for communication, you can put an equal sign between them;
– communication is one of the types of human activity along with play, work, etc.;
– communication and activity are different categories, two sides of a person’s social existence: work activity can occur without communication, and communication can exist without activity.
Teaching – This is a type of activity whose purpose is to acquire knowledge, skills and abilities by a person.
The teaching may be organized(carried out in educational institutions) and unorganized(carried out in other types of activities as their by-product, additional result).
Teaching can take on a character self-education.
There are several points of view on the question of what labor is:
- labor is any conscious activity person. Where there is human interaction with the outside world, we can talk about work;
– labor is one type of activity, but far from the only one.
Work – This is a type of activity that is aimed at achieving a practically useful result.
Characteristic features of work: expediency; focus on achieving programmed, expected results; presence of skill, skills, knowledge; practical usefulness; obtaining a result; personal development; transformation of the external human environment.
In each type of activity, specific goals and objectives are set, and a special arsenal of means, operations and methods is used to achieve the goals. At the same time, none of the types of activity exists outside of interaction with each other, which determines the systemic nature of all spheres of social life.
Basic classifications of activities
By objects and results (products) activities - the creation of material wealth or cultural values.
Creation – this is a type of activity that generates something qualitatively new that has never existed before(For example, new goal, a new result or new means, new ways to achieve them).
Creativity is a component of any human activity and an independent activity (for example, the activity of scientists, inventors, writers, etc.).
Modern science recognizes that any person, to one degree or another, has the ability to be creative. However, abilities can develop or disappear. Therefore, it is necessary to master culture, language, knowledge, to master the methods of creative activity, its most important mechanisms.
The most important mechanisms of creative activity
– Combining, varying existing knowledge.
– Imagination– the ability to create new sensory or mental images in the mind.
– Fantasy(gr. phantasia - mental image, figment of the imagination) - is characterized by special strength, brightness and unusualness of the created ideas and images.
– Intuition(Latin intueri – to look closely) – knowledge, the conditions for obtaining which are not realized.
Thus, activity is a way of existence of people and is characterized by the following features:
– conscious character – a person consciously sets goals for an activity and anticipates its results;
– productive nature– aimed at obtaining a result (product);
– transformative character– a person changes the world around him and himself;
– public character– a person in the process of activity, as a rule, enters into various relationships with other people.
Sample assignment
B3. Establish a correspondence between the types of activities and their manifestations: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.
Write down the selected numbers in the table, and then transfer the resulting sequence of numbers to the answer form (without spaces or any symbols).
Answer: 22121.
Activities are certain actions that are performed by a person in order to produce something significant for himself or for the people around him. This is a meaningful, multi-component and quite serious activity, which is fundamentally different from relaxation and entertainment.
Definition
The main discipline that studies human activity as part of the curriculum is social science. The first thing you need to know to correctly answer a question on this topic is the basic definition of the concept being studied. However, there may be several such definitions. Another says that activity is a form of human activity that is aimed not only at adapting the body to the environment, but also at its qualitative transformation.
All living beings interact with the surrounding world. However, animals only adapt to the world and its conditions; they cannot change it in any way. But man differs from animals in that he has a special form of interaction with the environment, which is called activity.
Main components
Also, to give a good answer to a social studies question about human activity, you need to know about the concepts of object and subject. The subject is the one who performs the actions. It doesn't have to be a single person. The subject can also be a group of people, an organization or a country. The object of activity in social science is what the activity is specifically aimed at. This could be another person, natural resources, or any area of public life. The presence of a goal is one of the main conditions under which human activity is possible. Social science, in addition to the goal, also highlights the action component. It is carried out in accordance with the set goal.
Types of actions
The expediency of an activity is an indicator of whether a person is moving towards the result that is important to him. The goal is the image of this result, which the subject of activity strives for, and the action is a direct step aimed at realizing the goal facing a person. The German scientist M. Weber identified several types of actions:
- Purposeful (in other words - rational). This action is carried out by a person in accordance with the goal. The means to achieve the desired result are chosen consciously, and possible side effects of the activity are taken into account.
- Value-rational. Actions of this kind occur in accordance with the beliefs that a person has.
- Affective is an action that is caused by emotional experiences.
- Traditional- based on habit or tradition.
Other activity components
Describing human activity, social science also highlights the concepts of result, as well as the means to achieve a goal. The result is understood as the final product of the entire process carried out by the subject. Moreover, it can be of two types: positive and negative. Belonging to the first or second category is determined by the correspondence of the result to the set goal.
The reasons why a person may get a negative result can be both external and internal. External factors include changes in environmental conditions for the worse. Internal factors include such factors as setting an initially unattainable goal, incorrect choice of means, inferiority of actions, or lack of necessary skills or knowledge.
Communication
One of the main types of human activity in social science is communication. The purpose of any type of communication is to obtain some result. Here the main goal is often the exchange of necessary information, emotions or ideas. Communication is one of the basic qualities of a person, as well as an indispensable condition for socialization. Without communication, a person becomes antisocial.
A game
Another type of human activity in social studies is a game. It is characteristic of both people and animals. Situations are modeled in a children's game adult life. The main unit of children's play is the role - one of the main conditions for the development of children's consciousness and behavior. A game is a type of activity in which social experience is recreated and assimilated. It allows you to learn methods of carrying out social actions, as well as master the objects of human culture. Play therapy has become widespread as a form of correctional work.
Work
It is also an important type of human activity. Without work, socialization does not occur, but it is important not only for personal development. Labor is a necessary condition for the survival and further progress of human civilization. At the level of an individual, work is an opportunity to ensure one’s own existence, to feed oneself and one’s loved ones, as well as the opportunity to realize one’s natural inclinations and abilities.
Education
This is another important type of human activity. The social studies topic devoted to activity is interesting because it examines its various types and allows us to consider the whole variety of types of human activity. Despite the fact that the human learning process begins in the womb, at a certain period of time this type of activity becomes purposeful.
For example, in the 50s of the last century, children began to be taught at the age of 7-8 years; in the 90s, mass education was introduced in schools from the age of six. However, even before the start of targeted learning, the child absorbs great amount information from the outside world. The great Russian writer L.N. Tolstoy emphasized that at the age of 5 years a small person learns much more than in the rest of his life. Of course, one can argue with this statement, but there is a fair amount of truth in it.
The main difference from other types of activity
Often, schoolchildren receive a social studies question as homework: “Activity is a way of people’s existence.” In the process of preparing for such a lesson, the most important thing to note is the characteristic difference between human activity and the usual adaptation to the environment, which is characteristic of animals. One of these types of activity, which is aimed directly at transforming the world around us, is creativity. This type of activity allows a person to create something completely new, qualitatively transforming the surrounding reality.
Types of activity
The time when students study the social studies topic “Man and Activity”, according to the Federal State Educational Standard - 6th grade. At this age, students are usually old enough to distinguish between types of activities, as well as understand their importance for the overall development of a person. In science, the following types are distinguished:
- Practical- aimed directly at transforming the external environment. This type, in turn, is divided into additional subcategories - material and production activities, as well as social and transformative ones.
- Spiritual- an activity that is aimed at changing a person’s consciousness. This type is also divided into additional categories: cognitive (science and art); value-oriented (determining the negative or positive attitude of people towards various phenomena of the surrounding world); as well as prognostic (planning possible changes) activities.
All these types are closely related to each other. For example, before carrying out reforms (refer to), it is necessary to analyze their possible consequences for the country (forecasting activities.
Municipal budgetary educational institution
"Secondary school No. 26"
Lesson - game on the topic:
"Social sphere"
Grade 11
History and Social Studies Teacher
Artemyeva Svetlana Nikolaevna
A general review lesson on the topic “Social Sphere.”
Grade 11
Three teams of arbitrary size take part in the game, which, using the diagram below, choose the topic of the question and its cost.
The right to respond belongs to the first team to raise a sign with its name. If the answer is correct, the team's account receives a number of points corresponding to the value of the question, and the team gets the right to choose the next question. If a team gives an incorrect answer, then the number of points corresponding to the cost of the question is deducted from its account, and the right to answer this question passes to other teams.
The following sub-rounds are found in the game:
- "Pig in a poke." Questions from this sub-round must be passed on to any other team.
- "My own game". The cost of a question in this subround can be increased within the entire amount of points that the team currently has. Opponents can buy the right to answer this question by betting more points. The right to answer this question belongs only to the winning team. If one of the teams goes all-in, that is, puts the entire amount of points in their account on the line, other participants can outbid the question only with their all-in if the amount of points in their account is higher. In the case of an all-in game, if the answer is incorrect, the team’s account will remain zero points; if the answer is correct, the amount of points on the team’s account will double.
| Mobility | ||||||
| Family | ||||||
| Stratification | ||||||
| Social norms, social control | ||||||
| All sorts of things |
Mobility.
5 What is social mobility? (Transition of people from one social group to another)
10 "Pig in a poke" Name the concept: an individual’s mastery of social norms and cultural values of society. (Socialization)
15 Horizontal mobility is... (Moving from group to group without changing social status)
20 After graduating from technical college, the young man got a job as a consultant at a computer manufacturing company. After some time, he entered advanced training courses. Changes also occurred in his personal life: he married the daughter of the company’s co-owner. The completion of his studies coincided with his appointment as the chief manager of the enterprise. What kind of social process can this plot serve as an illustration? (Upward vertical mobility)
25 Give examples of social elevators. (Getting an education, serving in the army, getting married, acquiring property)
30 How does a closed society differ from an open society? (IN closed society youth inherited belonging to a certain social stratum, corresponding rights and privileges, and the occupations of their parents; transition from one social group to another was prohibited)
Family.
5 Is the family a social institution or a social group? (Both a social institution and a small social group)
10 Continue the series: reproductive, educational, recreational (leisure)… (…economic, economic, primary social control, social status, emotional - family functions)
15 "Own game" What family is called nuclear? (Husband and wife or parents and children)
20 What is polygyny? (Family in which a man is married to several women)
25 Describe the family. “My mother left us when I was 8 years old, and my little sister was only a year old. We stayed with dad, grandparents. We live together. My brother and sister go to kindergarten, and I go to school. The head of our family is the father, everyone obeys him, even the grandfather” (Incomplete, multi-generational, large, patriarchal)
30 "My own game" Explain the concepts: brother-in-law, brother-in-law, sister-in-law, sister-in-law, matchmaker. (Brother-in-law is the husband’s brother. Brother-in-law is the wife’s brother. Sister-in-law is the husband’s sister. Sister-in-law is the wife’s sister. Matchmaker is the wife’s mother for the husband’s mother)
Stratification.
5 What is social status? (The place that an individual occupies in the social structure of society)
10 "Pig in a poke" What status of the person are we talking about: boy, prince, Frenchman. (Ascribed status is a status obtained on the basis of membership in a social group and determined by social position inherited from parents)
15 What is the name given to a status acquired by an individual through his own efforts and requiring from him certain individual abilities, knowledge, and labor. (Achieved status: mother, wife, doctor, deputy, president)
20 Translate into Russian “marginal”. (Located on the edge)
25 Continue the series: income, education, age, place of residence... (Criteria of social stratification: power, prestige, gender, nationality, religion, occupation)
30 The essence of social equality in modern society. (Equality before the law, equality of rights and opportunities)
Social norms, social control.
5 Name the concept: means of reward or punishment that encourage people to comply with social norms. (Sanctions)
10 List the types of social norms. (Customs and traditions, legal norms, moral norms, aesthetic norms, political norms, religious norms, etiquette rules)
15 What type of sanctions include: awarding an order, presenting a certificate, punishment by a court verdict, community service. (Formal sanctions)
20 Define the concept of social control. (A set of means aimed at preventing deviant behavior)
25 "Pig in a poke" What a complex of symptoms that F. Pataki identifies in his classification can lead a person to:
affective type of behavior;
family conflicts;
aggressive type of behavior;
early antisocial behavior;
negative attitude towards studies;
low level of intelligence.
(Towards deviant behavior)
30 Peter the Great, once sitting in the Senate and having heard many cases about recently committed thefts and bribery, became inflamed with anger and ordered Pavel Ivanovich Yaguzhinsky to immediately draw up a decree that if stolen money could be used to buy a rope, then the thief would have to be immediately hanged without the slightest investigation. Yaguzhinsky took up the pen, and then put it aside. “Write what I ordered you,” the king repeated. Then Yaguzhinsky told Peter. What did Yaguzhinsky say to the emperor? (Most gracious sir! Do you really want to remain an emperor without subjects? We all steal, with the only difference being that one is more noticeable than the other. The king, lost in his thoughts, laughed and fell silent)
All sorts of stuff.
5 Find a generalizing concept in the list: clan, tribe, ethnic group, nationality, nation. (Ethnos)
10 Genocide and Holocaust – are words synonymous or not? (Genocide - actions committed with the intent to destroy, in whole or in part, any national, ethnic, racial, religious or other historically established cultural and ethnic group as such. Holocaust - persecution and mass extermination of Jews living in Germany, on its territory Allies and in the territories they occupied during World War II)
15 Name the concept: obsessive, artificial fear of people of a different nationality, fabrications about their depravity, inferiority. (Xenophobia)
20 What is the essence of the policy of multiculturalism? (Recognition of the rights of arriving migrants to preserve their national differences)
25 "Pig in a poke" Does depopulation depend on migration? (No. Depopulation is a population decline in which the birth rate is insufficient to compensate for even a very low mortality rate. Migration is the movement of population)
30 "My own game" Women trying to make a career sometimes face a phenomenon called a glass ceiling. What does this metaphor mean? (This metaphor reflects the fact that in some organizations there is an invisible ceiling beyond which women cannot advance)
At the end of the game, the results are summed up. Participants receive grades based on the team's opinions about each participant's contribution to the game.
