The largest seaports on the map. The main sea and ocean routes in the world economy and the geography of maritime transport
On the coast, gravitating towards the Atlantic Ocean, there are European countries and developing countries in Africa on the one hand, Northern and South America, with another.
There is intensive foreign trade exchange between the countries of these continents. Transportation of foreign trade goods between all countries is carried out mainly via regional sea and ocean routes.
The sea routes running between the ports of the continents reach open waters at Cape Rath and Bishop Rock, at the straits of Gibraltar, Providence, Windward, Mona, at the islands of Madeira, Cape Verde and Barbados, as well as at large ocean ports: New York, Cape Town, Rio de Janeiro, etc. Between these nodes there are transoceanic routes of the Atlantic.
In terms of the importance and intensity of shipping, the North Atlantic direction stands out - the transoceanic routes between Europe and North and Central America. They have a general east-west direction from Cape Rath, Bishop Rock and the Strait of Gibraltar to New York, to the ports of the river. St. Lawrence and other ports of North America, as well as to the Providence, Windward, Mona Straits and further to ports Caribbean Sea and to the Panama Canal. Their length is from 2.5 to 4.0 thousand miles.
This is an area with difficult navigation conditions. Floating ice and icebergs in the northern part of the Atlantic, frequent and dense fogs in the area of the island. Newfoundland (especially June and July), severe storm conditions in winter period significantly impede navigation.
Difficult natural and weather conditions, intensive large traffic of ships in the North Atlantic Ocean in the western and eastern directions have necessitated the establishment of recommended routes for the movement of sea vessels, known as the main transoceanic routes of the North Atlantic Ocean.
In the English Channel, ships traveling from the Atlantic Ocean to the North Sea are advised to follow the passage between the Le Vergoyer and Bassurel banks and then, keeping to the French coast, between the Sandetti and Out-Ratinger banks, enter the North Sea.
Vessels sailing from the North Sea to the Atlantic Ocean are advised to follow the passage between the South Falls and Sandetti Banks and then keep to the English coast, west of the Warne and Bullock Banks.
For coastal navigation vessels (of the “river-sea” type, vessels with a deadweight of up to 4 - 5 thousand tons), a coastal area is allocated, where navigators are not limited in the choice of routes.
There are three traffic separation areas on the approaches to New York. The first of these is intended for ships entering the port from the east, from the North Atlantic or heading to the North Atlantic. It faces east from the Ambrose lighthouse. The second traffic separation area is in a south-easterly direction and is intended for ships arriving from South America, Africa and the Antilles. The third area has a southern direction and is intended for coastal navigation vessels. In a similar way, ship traffic separation areas have been established on the approaches to other American ports.
One-way traffic of vessels at turning points is based on the following principle. Depending on the angle of rotation when going around a cape, island, lighthouse, two, three or four branches of the traffic separation area are installed. A path for one-way traffic of vessels is established on both sides of the separation zone. At Cape Sai Vicente its width is 3 miles. Vessels rounding the cape are advised to keep their courses within this body of water.
In the North Atlantic direction, hundreds of regular lines are organized by shipping companies from Great Britain, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, the USA, France, and other countries. Modern multi-purpose vessels and container ships sail on these lines.
Various machinery and equipment, American coal, Canadian ore, cotton, grain, forest products, chemicals and other cargo are transported to the ports of European countries. In the opposite direction from Europe, ships are carrying English coal, various machines and machine tools to Canada, high-quality Norwegian and Swedish iron ore in USA. Various industrial products, chemical, industrial and food products are also transported. The predominance of general cargo in this direction contributes to the expansion of container transportation between the ports of North America and Europe.
The Latin American route originates in the ports of South America and runs along the east coast of South America to Recife. Then the coastal path bifurcates. One branch of it crosses the ocean and passes by the islands of Cape Verde and Madeira, through the Strait of Gibraltar to the ports of Southern, and through the English Channel - Western and Northern Europe; the other, the North American branch, crosses the ocean in the general direction of New York.
Ocean navigation from the eastern ports of South America to Europe is carried out over a distance of 5-6 thousand miles, and from the northern ports 3.5 thousand miles (Barbados Island - Bishop Rock).
Venezuelan oil is transported from Latin American countries with diverse natural resources to Europe. iron ore, ores of non-ferrous and rare metals, various grains, cotton, coffee and other cargo. In the opposite direction, industrial products, machinery and equipment, chemicals, timber and other goods are delivered from European countries to Latin America.
The North American branch has a general direction of “North-South”. The greatest length of the route is more than 6 km. miles (New York - Bahia Blanca) and the smallest - 2 thousand miles (New York - northern ports of South America). Sea transportation in this direction is carried out mainly on American ships.
A variety of raw materials (ore, cotton, coffee, oil, non-ferrous metal ores, etc.) come to the United States from South American countries; Various machines and equipment, industrial goods, grain, chemical and other cargo are moving in the opposite direction.
The European-West African direction runs from the English Channel (Bishop's Rock) and Gibraltar past the Canary Islands, along the western coast of Africa to Cape Town. Its length from the English Channel is 5785 miles, and from Gibraltar 5120 miles in the general direction “North-South”.
The American-West African route has two routes - from the ports of North America to the ports of Africa and from the ports of South America to the ports of Africa. From North America the route runs from New York, past the Ascension and St. Helena Islands to the Cape of Good Hope (6,785 miles), and from South America from Recife, Rio de Janeiro and Rio de la Plata Bay to Cape Town (approx. 3500 miles).
Significant volumes of oil and petroleum products, high-quality iron, manganese and other ores are transported to Europe on these routes; and machinery and equipment, grain, chemical and other cargo are transported to the countries of Africa and South America.
Of particular note is the regional sea route running between the ports of the Baltic Sea and the Northern Basins of Russia around the Scandinavian Peninsula. Its length is 4 thousand miles. Moreover, half of the journey takes place in the waters of the Arctic Ocean with difficult hydrometeorological conditions, frequent storms and bad weather.
Oil and oil products, coal, salt, machinery and equipment, including equipment for oil and gas production, as well as large-diameter pipes for the construction of oil and gas pipelines, are transported from the ports of the Baltic basin to the Scandinavian countries and ports of the Northern Basin of Russia. In the opposite direction are the products of the north - timber and timber, apatite, high-quality iron and ores of rare and non-ferrous metals, fish and hunting products. IN last years last century, in connection with the development of the northern gas and oil fields of Russia, a significant cargo flow of oil and gas was formed in European countries- to the ports of the North and Baltic seas.
Management "Ocean Ways of the World" designed to select the most advantageous route for a vessel between various points of the World Ocean.
Management "Ocean Ways of the World" corrected according to notices to seafarers of the Main Directorate of Navigation and Oceanography of the Ministry of Defense according to issue No. 12 of March 15, 1980.
The recommendations contained in this manual should be used in accordance with the rules of international maritime law and the regime established by the coastal state.
Information about changes that occurred after this date is published in notices to mariners of the Main Directorate of Navigation and Oceanography of the Ministry of Defense and in additions to the manual.
TABLE OF CONTENTS:
SECTION I. GENERAL METHODICAL INSTRUCTIONS.
Chapter 1. Path selection and calculation and hydrometeorological review.
SECTION II SHIPPING ROUTES.
Chapter 2. North Atlantic Ocean.
Chapter 3. South Atlantic Ocean.
Chapter 4. Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea.
Chapter 5. Mediterranean and Black Seas.
Chapter 6. Red Sea, Persian Gulf and Indian Ocean.
Chapter 7. The Pacific Ocean and the Australasian Seas.
Chapter 8. Interoceanic composite routes.
SECTION III REFERENCE.
Brief description of the main straits and passages.
Scroll geographical objects and their coordinates.
Alphabetical index of routes.
APPLICATIONS.
(book in pocket).
1. Scheme map " Ocean ways of the world».
2. Climate map world (January).
3. Climate map of the world (July).
4. Scheme of the currents of the World Ocean.
Modern ships choose the shortest routes in the ocean, which, if navigational safety conditions allow, follow a great circle arc (orthodrome).
However, even large modern ships are forced to choose routes also taking into account hydrometeorological conditions.
Descriptions of routes are preceded by information characterizing, mainly in hydrometeorological terms, navigation conditions. Where necessary, the most important navigational information is also provided.
For the convenience of subsequent proofreading, the manual retains the numbering of articles given in the foreign manual. Some articles in the manual are omitted because they contain either generally known information or information of no practical interest.
The manual does not replace sailing directions and other navigation aids and does not exempt navigators from using them.
Hydrometeorological diagrams included in the appendix serve for a preliminary assessment of hydrometeorological conditions that are important for choosing a route.
Paths between ports of the same ocean are described in the corresponding chapter of the manual. Interoceanic composite routes are described in Chap. 8.
All paths are divided into those recommended for movement in both directions or only in one, but for the time of use - for movement throughout the year or only in certain seasons, about which there are corresponding instructions in the text and on the diagrams.
The manual does not take into account special requirements for ships with a draft of more than 12 m, in particular for supertankers. Such vessels should, however possible, avoid routes commonly used by medium draft vessels.
In areas where there is volcanic activity, intensive coral growth, where a large number of fishing vessels accumulate, special care should be taken when sailing along the recommended routes.
Ocean route diagrams included in the text and appendix provide a visual representation of the major routes described in the guide.
These schemes are not suitable for navigation purposes.
We present to you a unique map with which you can find the location of any ship in the world's oceans, as well as determine the direction of its movement.
The technology behind the card relies on a network of satellites capable of receiving encrypted Automatic Identification System, or AIS, signals. This system was developed specifically for civil navigation and is an encrypted signal transmitted by the ship into orbit. The signal contains basic information not only about the direction of movement of the vessel, but also key data about it - name, type, speed, cargo, destination port, etc. Information received by satellites is transmitted to the ground, where it is automatically processed.
The result of this processing was embodied in interactive map ship traffic, which can be seen below.
Interactive map of maritime traffic
Search for a ship by its name
A legend is attached to the map, thanks to which you can determine the type of ship being monitored. Similar data can be obtained by clicking on its icon on the map. You can monitor the movement of ships both in satellite mode and in the mode of overlaying a real image. In addition, if you know the name of the ship, you can find it on the map. To do this, you need to enter the name in the appropriate field on English language. If everything is done correctly, the map itself will be centered on the selected ship.
Video instructions for finding ships on the map
Map update
Almost all data shown on the map is updated in real time. It is worth remembering that the speed of movement of a ship on the open sea is relatively low, so if it seems that the ship is not moving, then perhaps you should just wait. However, this may not be the only reason for the ship’s “freezing” - the AIS satellite network still has “white spots” in the world’s oceans, into which ships periodically fall. In this case, you just need to wait until the ship can communicate with satellites again - its location will be updated.
Every day thousands of ships ply the seas. If you diagrammatically depict their routes, you’ll get something like this: map of world shipping routes.
I recently discovered an excellent service where you can easily find all the largest ports of the world on the map.
The resource is designed for professionals. On the site you can find shipping lines, the names of all seaports in each country, a directory of companies, both by category of shipping and by individual country.
In the site directory you can find a glossary of maritime and transport terms, cargo hazard classes, a map of container terminals, chartering abbreviations, conditions for container delivery by shipping lines, the phonetic alphabet Alpha Bravo Charlie, etc. The site provides a convenient search for a shipping line, identifies ports serving the shipping line and transit time of cargo movement. The resource provides information on suppliers, forwarders, ship repair, warehousing services and much more. You can also determine the distance between ports on the website.
I'm interested map of sea ports with container terminals. A little about how to use this card. When you go to the seaports map you see a small map.
Click on the region you are interested in or use the panel on the left on the map. For example, zoom in on the UK region and click on it (there are a lot of ports there), red flags indicating the ports will appear on the map. To see the port name, click on the flag. Additional Information by ports is also located under the map. In general, look and study everything yourself on the site
