What is the name of the method of recording the moves of a chess game? Chess notation or sign system

A necessary knowledge for any chess player is knowledge of chess notation. This knowledge allows the chess player to record the course of the game; reproduce, analyze and analyze played games, as well as read chess literature. In official matches with classical time control, the player is required to record moves.

The eight horizontal and eight vertical lines of the chessboard form 64 squares. And each field has its own coordinates. The first coordinate is one of the first eight letters of the Latin alphabet (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h), the second coordinate is a number (1 – 8). Thus, the field e 4 (for example) is found by the intersection of the vertical e and the fourth horizontal.

To designate pieces on the board, chess players use special abbreviations:

Symbol (Russian abbreviation)	Symbol (English abbreviation)	Meaning
Kr	K (King)	King
F	Q (Queen)	Queen
L	R (Rook)	Rook
WITH	B (Bishop)	Elephant
TO	N (kNight)	Horse
P or nothing	p (pawn) or nothing	Pawn

The following symbols are used to record moves:

- (dash)	Designation of a move without capturing a piece
x (cross or letterx)	Designation of a move to capture a piece
0-0 , 0-0-0	Short castling, long castling
+ (plus)	Shah
# ( lattice)	Mat
= (equals)	Draw
! , !!	Good, very good move
? , ??	Bad, very bad move
!?	A move worth noting
?!	Unjustified, risky move

Colon is often used : for taking. Less often: for checkmate – cross x, for double check – double plus ++ . This notation was adopted in the Soviet Union and is still found.

Chess notation can be complete or short. A player using full notation writes each move like this:

1. Move number.
2. The field on which a piece stands before making a move.
3. Designation of a move or capture of a piece.

It is convenient to record a game using full notation in a column. Similarly, you can write it like this:

1. e2–e4 e7–e5
2. Bf1-c4 Nb8-c6
3. Qd1-h5?! Ng8-f6??
4. Qh5×f7# (Qh5: f7#)

A player using short notation writes down his moves this way:

1. Move number.
2. Symbol of the piece the player is moving.
3. Indication for capturing a piece if necessary.
4. The field the piece moved to.
5. Checkmate or checkmate sign if necessary.

The same example with a child's mat now looks like this:

1.e 4 e 5 2.Bc4 Nc6 3.Qh5?! Nf6?? 4.Ф×f7# (Ф:f7#)

Moves are most often written on a line.

In the short notation, the chess player does not use the move designation and does not indicate the square from which the move was made. The field may be partially specified if required for clarification. In the diagram above, both black rooks can move to h 6. The move with rook h 7 will look like this: 1...R7h 6. The move with rook h 2 should be written: 1.R5h 6. It is also worth mentioning here that ... (ellipsis) is a sign for Black to move when White's move is not indicated. Also in the diagram you can see that White can take Black's bishop with knights located on e 3 and b 4. Here the chess player should designate the attack with the e 3 knight as 1.Kexd 5 (Ke :d 5). Knight strike b 4 – 1.Кbxd 5 (Кb :d 5).

Chess notation allows players to write down a position that already exists on the board. The chess player indicates the symbol of the piece and the field on which it is located. The position of the king is written down first, followed by the position of the queen, rooks, bishops, knights and pawns.

The position of the white pieces must be written down first. The chess player takes notes from the queenside to the kingside. For example, white rook a 1 should be marked in front of rook h 1, and pawns a 2 and c 2 in front of pawns g 3 and h 4.

Therefore, the position of the figures in the following diagram should be written as follows:

White: Kf 1, Qe 2, Ra 1, pawns a 2, f 2, g 2, h 2.

Black: Kg 8, Qf 6, Rf 8, pawns f 7, g 7, h 7.

Chess notation

Chess notation (from Latin notatio - recording, designation) - system symbols, used to record a chess game or the position of pieces on a chessboard.

Most countries have adopted algebraic notation. It was first proposed back in 1616 in a book by the German Duke Augustus the Younger (pseudonym Gustavus Selenus).

In the next century it was developed by Philipp Stamma, and finally in modern form it appeared in a book published in Germany in 1784 by Hirshel.

Naming cells

Chess set in starting position.

The horizontal lines are numbered from 1 to 8 from white to black, the vertical lines are numbered in Latin letters from a to h from the queenside to the kingside. For example, in the initial setup the white king is on square e1.

Figure Russian abbreviation English abbreviation

King Kr K (king)

Queen F Q (queen)

Rook L R (rook)

Horse K N (kNight)

Elephant C B (bishop)

Pawn p or nothing p (pawn) or nothing

Complete record of moves

The progress record consists of the following components:

1. (optional) The ellipsis (…) is a sign for black to move.
2. Type of piece that moves (king, knight, etc.)
3. The field from which the move was made.
4. To take in international notation, a cross or the letter x is used, in Russian a colon (:).
5. The field on which the move was made.
6. If a pawn has promoted, the piece it became is indicated after the target square.
7. For check there is a plus sign (+). For double check - double plus (++). For mate - the multiplication sign (×) in Russian notation and the hash (#) in international notation. Occasionally there is a “=” sign for a draw.
8. Comments on the move. ! or!! for a strong move, ? or?? for the weak?! for the risky,!? for an interesting move.

For example, in Russian notation children's mat is written like this:

1. e2-e4 e7-e5

2. Bf1-c4 Nb8-c6

3. Qd1-h5?! Ng8-f6??

The same part in international notation:

1. e2-e4 e7-e5

2. Bf1-c4 Nb8-c6

3. Qd1-h5?! Ng8-f6??

4.Qh5xf7#

Castling on the long side is written as 0-0-0, on the short side as 0-0. Some computer move notation formats require castling to be indicated as "O-O-O", with an "O" instead of a zero.

Abbreviated notation of moves

In Russian notation

The original field and dash are skipped. The same game in abbreviated Russian notation looks like this:

1. e4 e5

If such notation does not uniquely record the move, one of the coordinates of the original field is added, for example, Lae1 or K3c4.

Pawn captures are written as cd or (if there are options) as cd4.

In international notation

Simply write the starting point, the pick-up sign (if any) and the destination. For example:

1. e2e4 e7e5

Sometimes the capture signs are also missed.

Less commonly, a complete analogue of Russian notation is used (4. Qxf7#).

Chess moves are recorded in a special way. Recording method chess moves called chess notation. Exist different types notations, however, the most popular and used is algebraic notation.

Rows in the notation are designated by numbers (from 1 to 8, as indicated on the left side of the chessboard), columns by letters (from a to h, as indicated on the bottom side of the chessboard). These numbers and letters are used to describe where a piece is located on the chessboard. In the diagram below, the blue cross is on the f3 square and the circle is on the c7 square. Please note that the letter (column) is indicated first, and then the number (row).

Chess notation uses certain symbols:

The moves are written in two numbered columns as follows:

1.f2-f4	e7-e5
2.f4:e5	d7-d6
3.e5:d6	Bf8:d6
4.g2-g3	Qd8-g5
5.Ng1-f3	Qg5:g3+
6.h2:g3	Bd6:g3x

White's moves are written in the first column, Black's moves are written in the second. First, the symbol of the figure that is moving is written, then the square on which the figure stood, then the hyphen (-), then the cell to which the figure moves. When a pawn moves, the pawn symbol need not be indicated.

For example, 1. f2-f4 means that on the first move the pawn on square f2 moved to square f4. 5.Ng1-f3 means that the knight on square g1 has moved to square f3. If you need to indicate a black move without a white move, you need to put an ellipsis before the move. For example: 4. ... Qd8-g5 means that on the fourth move Black moved the queen from d8 to g5.

: means capture (in international transcription the symbol x is used), so the entry 5. ... Qg5:g3+ means that Black's queen on g5 captured the piece on g3, + means that the enemy king was put in check on this move.

x means checkmate (in international transcription - #), so the entry 6. ... Bd6:g3x means that the black bishop standing on d6 moved and captured the piece on g3, and checkmated the white king.

Below are diagrams of the game with notation of what is happening on the board.

1. f2-f4 e7-e5	2. f4:e5 d7-d6
3. e5:d6 Bf8:d6	4. g2-g3 Qd8-g5
5. Ng1-f3 Qg5:g3+	6. h2:g3 Bd6:g3x

Brief chess notation

In this type of notation, the cell on which the figure stood is omitted, and only the cell to which the figure moved is indicated. If a pawn captures, then the column on which this pawn stood is indicated.

In the diagram below, both white rooks can move to d1. To indicate which of them has moved, the column on which the rook stood is indicated.

The following diagram shows that the rook from f1 has moved to d1. This is designated as follows: Rfd1.

Sometimes it may happen that both pieces on the same row can move to the same square.

In the diagram below, both rooks can move to square d5. To indicate which rook has moved, the row on which the rook stood is indicated.

The following diagram shows that the rook on the seventh row has moved to square d5. This is indicated as follows: R7d5.

This is how the game shown above would be written using concise chess notation.

In previous lessons we were introduced to the notes of a chessboard.

In this lesson we will talk in more detail about the designation of chess fields.

You will learn what chess notation and digital notation are.

Notation is a system of moves in chess game. This system includes several imaging methods, these are:

1.Letters of the Latin alphabet.

2.Abbreviated names of chess pieces.

3.Special chess symbol.

4.Numbers.

1. Letters of the Latin alphabet, which are used in the notation:

A,a, reads like A

B, b, reads like bae

C, s, reads like tse

D,d, reads like de

E, e, reads like e

F, f, reads like ef

G,g, reads like same

H, h, reads like ash

1. Abbreviated names of figures.

3. Special chess symbols.

0 – 0 (two zeros through a dash, castling to the short side)

0 – 0 – 0 (three zeros through a dash - long castling)

-- (dash sign, pieces have been moved)

: (the colon sign indicates that a piece or pawn has been captured)

+ (the plus sign means that the king is in check)

X(indicates that the king is checkmated).

If there are question marks or exclamation marks, they indicate the quality of the moves: ? - bad move!? – the move deserves attention;?! - questionable move; ! - good move!! - great move.

+ ---- - White has an advantage; -- + ---Black has a decisive advantage.

This recording system is accepted throughout the world. Wherever they happen chess tournaments, the games are recorded exactly according to it.

When recording a game, the placement or move of the white pieces is always written first, then the placement or move of the black pieces.

In the initial position (or initial), the arrangement of the figures is written as follows:

White:

KRe1,

Ф d1,

Ra1, Rh1

Cc1, Cf1

Kb1, Kg1

pp. a2, b2, c2, d2, e2, f2, g2, h2.

Black

KRe8,

Ф d8,

Ra8, Rh8

Cc8, Cf8

Kb8, Kg8

pp. a7, b7, c7, d7, e7, f7, g7, h7.

Notation symbols are used to record the part itself.

For example:

White: Black:

Nastya K. Olya T.

1. e2 – e4 e7 – e5

The number 1 and the dot mean the serial number of the move; because the name of the pawn is not written, then we write only the place where it stood and where it moved (stood on e2 - moved to e4, the dash means that the pawn made this move).

Black responds to White's move: he moves from e7 to e5, and a dash is also written between e7 and e5.

Both moves (for White and for Black) are recorded as one common number 1.

The next move will be number 2.

1. TOb1 - c3d7 -d5

The knight enters the fight, the place where he stood (Nb1) and the square where he stood (c3) are also recorded.

Black responded by moving the pawn from d7 to d5, immediately falling under the attack of the knight and pawn.

The next move the white pawn can take the black one, then the following entry will be made:

1. e4:d5(where the colon sign indicates that the black pawn is attacked and captured);

If the black pawn is taken by the knight, then the entry will be: 3. Ks3:d5(3. is the serial number of the move, Kc3 is the square on which the knight stood, (:) this sign shows that the pawn standing on d5 is captured.

4.Digital system.

It is used in international correspondence competitions.

Each field (each cell) is designated by a two-digit number. In it, the first two digits indicate the field from which the piece comes, and the last two indicate the field to which it is rearranged.

So, for example, the beginning of Nastya’s part will be written like this:

Nastya Olya

1.5254 5755

With this system, the names of the pieces, checkmate, and checkmate signs are not written. If a pawn lands on the promotion line, then additionally indicate the number of the field on which this piece stood. If it is a queen, then they write (41 or 48) in brackets; if it turns into a rook, then they write the square on which it stood at the beginning of the game (11 or 81, 18 or 88).

Assignment for parents.

Continue introducing students to the names and features of the figures.

To do this, you need to give tasks or create tasks consisting of 2-3 figures.

Building complex combinations is only possible for those who have learned to navigate the board well. Due to their age, children under 6-7 years old cannot yet retain several decisions in memory at the same time.

To consolidate the notation and chess symbols, you can conduct a mathematical dictation: you ask a question, for example, how is capturing a piece indicated when recording a game? (:);

A symbol is shown on the card and you ask what it means.

What letters represent Queen, King, Rook, Bishop, Knight? (F, Kr, L, S, K) ?

Mystery:

At the beginning of the games, there is no way to rush to introduce (?) (the Queen) into the game.

Games.

"Wonderful bag"

You need to identify by touch the figures that were hidden in the bag. Get out and tell everything the student knows about it (name, where it stands, how it walks, how it is designated).

"Smart Pawn"

There are only 2 pawns and a bishop on the field.

It is necessary to move a pawn onto the promotion square.

"Hide and seek with figures."

Arrange several different figures (the number of figures depends on age, for children under 5 years old - 3 - 4; from 5 to 7 years - 7-8 figures). Children close their eyes, one figure is removed - the children determine which figure is gone.

Alternatively, the pieces change places; determine which piece moved to another place.

All games form a solid knowledge of chess; they are aimed at developing speech, logic, memory, and thinking not only for children, but also for adults.

Chess crossword, lesson 9 - Chess crossword answers:

horizontally: 1. Middlegame 2. chess 3. Castling 7. Endgame 10. Checkmate.

vertically: 2. Check 4. Bishop 5. White 6. Knight 8. Pawn 9. Pat 11. Rook.

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Introduction to chess. Chess board.

Goals:
- continue to get acquainted with the history of chess;
- introduce the lines of movement of figures: diagonal, vertical, horizontal;
- introduce the alphanumeric designation of chess lines;
- practice quickly and correctly finding chess fields;
- fix the names of the chess pieces;
- cultivate a caring attitude towards figures.

Progress of the lesson.

1. Organizational moment.

2. Updating knowledge.
In the last lesson, we got acquainted with one of the versions of the emergence chess game. In fact, there are a lot of such versions, because it happened about 2000 years ago. Let's remember:
Review questions:
- Where and when did the chess game originate?
- Name it chessmen.
- Which figure is the most important?
- What is another name for a chess square? Why? How many are there on the board?

3. From history.
Over time, chess spread all over the world, and now in this wonderful game play in all countries of the world. Chess traveled to Russia for a long, long time. Between India and Russia there are high mountains and large deserts. Therefore, dear guests of chess had to sail to our country on boat ships across the seas and oceans. (picture “Princes on a boat” see Appendix).
One of the favorite pastimes in Ancient Rus' there was a game of chess. Everyone played chess: princes, boyars, warriors, merchants, women and children. This is evidenced by archaeological finds, written sources and folklore. In epics, the ability to play chess is even equated with heroic valor. And the fact that they could lose their entire fortune in chess is confirmed by old Russian proverbs, for example: “We lived to checkmate: no bread for hunger, no firewood for the hut.” Chess has also become one of the crafts. Peasants made figurines from wood, clay, stone and other materials and sold them at a good price, thereby earning money for their family.

4. Lines.
In the last lesson we got acquainted with figures. And we know that the game is a battle between two armies. Since the army must fight, the pieces must move. Therefore, on the chessboard there are three directions of movement, as in a fairy tale: if you go straight - you will find death, if you go to the side - you will also be lost, if you go diagonally - maybe you will still live...

Guys, in which direction can you walk? (Straight, to the side, diagonally)
(The explanation is accompanied by a demonstration of a diagram with colored lines.)

1) A straight path from top to bottom resembles the movement of an elevator: up - down. It's called VERTICAL.
2) The path from left to right reminds us of the line where the earth connects with the sky, the horizon line.
What will it be called? (HORIZONTAL).
3) The third path goes obliquely and is called DIAGONAL.

So that you remember these tracks, I give you reminders that you need to stick in your notebook.
(Lines application)

Look, there is a number in front of each horizontal line. These are the names of the contour lines.
(The teacher shows the horizontal lines and asks for their names: first, second....)
- How many horizontal lines are there? (8)
- How are the verticals designated? (Children: in letters)
- These are letters of the Latin alphabet. There are letters in large font on the board
a - a
b - bae
c - ce
d -de
e - e
f - ef
g - zhe
h - ash
The teacher reads the letters, showing them on the chessboard
At first, some letters will be unusual for you; you need to remember them and learn them by heart.
Chess players have come up with a rhyme that will help you remember vertical lines.

A-rtistu B-im c-irkul d-ash, e-f-name Zh-e ​​A-sh.
(We distribute printed letters and paste them into notebooks)

Children, how will this counting rhyme help us?
(The first letter of each word is a checkerboard letter). Let's say it together.

5. Didactic game « Sea battle»
Now that we know the designation of horizontals and verticals, we can easily find any shape.
It's like Battleship. The intersection of lines gives the desired cell. First we say the letter and then the number. For example, Rook, a1, pawn h7...
Now let's play chess Battleship.
One student names the address of the field, and the other - the figure that was hit.

6. D/i “Postman”.
The pieces still want to sleep in their chess box, and you can’t wait to invite them to meet you. We ask you to treat the figures with great respect. These are not toys! Among them there are real royalty. Do not shake out the chess pieces, but take them out one at a time and immediately place them on the table so that the pieces do not roll around or fall to the floor. If they fall, their Majesties' crowns may fly off. Then, when playing, it will be difficult to figure out where the king is and where the queen is. The bishop will lose part of its helmet and become like pawns, and the horse will lose its ears and mane and will become not your battle companion, but a water nag.

Before you start playing,
The board needs to be checked
On the left is a black cage, on the right is a white cage.
Look again! Is this how you have your board?

Let's imagine that you and I are postmen in the chess kingdom. And we need to deliver a telegram with a pawn to a specific address. The first option takes black, the second - white.

I name and write down the address, and you place the postman pawn on this square.
After the game, carefully put the chess into boxes.

7. D/i “Name the diagonal”
How to read the diagonal? The diagonal is formed from the intersection of the vertical and horizontal line, that's why it has two addresses. For example, diagonal a1 - h8, h1 - a8.
The teacher asks to name the address of the diagonal on which the pawn stands.

8. Summary of the lesson.
Today we learned which lines chess pieces move along. Name them.
- How are horizontal lines designated?
- How are verticals designated?
- Name all the verticals.
- How to read the field address?