Tasks for children prepositions in on under. Games with prepositions
One of the directions in corrective work with preschoolers with general speech underdevelopment (OHP) is work with prepositions.
Children with OHP do not realize the semantic significance of prepositions, they do not distinguish them as separate words, therefore they do not use even simple prepositions in speech at all, or do not differentiate them .
Corrective speech therapy work on the formation of prepositions in children is carried out in the process of developing speech understanding, refining vocabulary, pronunciation and literacy, the formation of grammatical means of the language, and the development of coherent speech. Work on prepositions is considered as an integral part of the work on the connection of words in a sentence.
The programs of preschool educational institutions of a compensating type for children with speech disorders to work with prepositions include the following tasks:
- To teach to understand and use simple and complex prepositions denoting the spatial arrangement of objects, in combination with the corresponding case forms of nouns (simple prepositions: on, under, over, to, at, from, from (with), from, into, along, between, behind, in front of, about, near; difficult prepositions: from under, from behind).
- Develop ideas about the semantic (semantic) meaning of prepositions, about a preposition as a separate function word.
- Learn to differentiate using prepositions in speech.
- Compilation of prepositional constructions and simple common sentences using prepositions for pictures, for demonstrating actions, for questions.
A variety of game tasks with prepositions help teachers make classes interesting and exciting; interest, teach children, activate their speech activity
Games with prepositions
I. Dice Games
Equipment: cubes with schemes of prepositions, toys, subject pictures.
Description of the cube. Schemes of prepositions are shown on the faces of the cube.
Photo 1
Cube option:
- Prepositions: IN, ON ( Annex 1 )
- Prepositions: IN, ON, FROM ( Appendix 2 )
- Prepositions: OVER, UNDER ( Annex 3 )
- Prepositions: FROM, TO, BETWEEN ( Appendix 4 )
- Prepositions: FROM, BECAUSE ( Appendix 5 )
- Prepositions: FOR, BECAUSE ( Appendix 6 )
- Prepositions: FROM, FROM UNDER ( Annex 7 )
Game progress:
Children pronounce the rhyme:
One two three four five,
Let's roll the dice!
The child, on which the counting rhyme ended, rolls the die, calls the preposition “little word”, and follows the instructions of the speech therapist.
Instruction 1:. Call it "little word". Come up with a sentence about a toy that will contain this “little word” ....
Instruction 2: Name the “small word”. Find a picture with a sentence that has this “little word” in it….
Note: Options for tasks for the game can be as follows:
- actions with a cube and a toy (ball, pencil, doll, etc.); perform an action according to the scheme, make an offer;
- action with a cube and a subject picture; make a sentence with a picture and a dropped out diagram;
- action with a cube and a plot picture: continue the sentence with the addition of a preposition (according to the scheme), show the corresponding picture; pick up the picture and show the scheme on the cube; to the dropped out scheme to pick up pictures.
II. Game "Wonderful Clock"
”Equipment: cubes with dots, a clock with an arrow and drawn schemes of prepositions, toys, subject pictures. ( Annex 8)
Note: The task options for the game are the same as in the “dice game”.
Option I
The host rolls a die with dots and moves the clock hand as many divisions as there are dots on the die. When the count is over, the host stops the arrow and draws up a sentence with the preposition on which the arrow stopped.
Option II.
The host closes his eyes, moves the arrow on the clock. The rest of the children count to five, when the count is over, the host stops the arrow and draws up a sentence with the preposition on which the arrow stopped.
III. Game “Four pictures
”This game can be played with one child and with a small group of children (2-4 people)
Equipment: 4 large story picture cards, 4 large preposition scheme cards, 16 small story picture cards, 16 small preposition scheme cards ( Annex 9).
1. "Paired pictures".
All small cards are involved in the game. The child selects 2 (plot and scheme) cards with the same pretext.
2. "Lotto"
Option I
The facilitator distributes cards to the children. Children look at the scenes drawn on the map. 16 small cards depicting schemes of prepositions are shuffled and placed in front of the leader. Showing them one by one to the children, the host asks: Who needs this card? Why? The card is taken by the child who has a suitable plot on the large card.
Option II
The facilitator distributes cards to the children. Children look at the diagrams drawn on the map. The facilitator shuffles 16 small cards depicting the plot and places them in front of him. Showing them one by one to the children, the host asks: Who needs this card? Why? The card is taken by the child who has a suitable preposition scheme on the large card.
Option III
The facilitator distributes two cards to the children (one with plots, the other with diagrams). The presenter shuffles 32 small cards and puts them in front of him. Showing them one by one to the children, the host asks: Who needs this card? Why? The card is taken by the child who has a suitable image or diagram on the large card.
Summer is a convenient time to work on orientation in space. Orientation in space is a basic skill (I emphasize!) for any training. This means: no matter what the child learns, the skill of orientation in space will help him.
That is why it deserves great and special attention.
Spatial orientation in preschoolers
The sequence of orientation formation in preschool age is as follows.
- the baby masters his own body (body scheme);
- then he moves on to the surrounding objects - he learns to distinguish their various sides: front, back, top, bottom, side;
- further learns to determine the spatial arrangement of objects relative to themselves;
- By school, he masters orientation on the plane, in other words, a notebook sheet.
All these skills must be accompanied by the appearance and use in speech of verbal definitions of spatial relations: forward-backward, up-down, right-left, and so on.
It is useful that by the beginning of schooling, 2 more groups of words denoting orientation in space appear and are correctly applied in the speech of children:
- prepositions,
- adverbs.
Prepositions in pictures
Education of a preschooler (and even younger students) should be visual. There are many different options for graphic representation of spatial relationships. They are shown in the form of chart cards.
There are many prepositions in Russian. 
Not all of them are available to preschoolers. It is useful to learn two groups for school.
- Prepositions reflecting the diverse static spatial relationships of objects (including a person).
- Prepositions that convey the direction of movement or indicate the location of an object during movement.
Prepositions in Russian of the first group (static)
Prepositions in Russian of the second group (for movement)
When working with prepositions, it is useful to correlate chart cards with pictures.
Preposition games
The ability to navigate most effectively develops in the game.
Pick a couple
Print the proposed or make your own sets. Consider. Find out what is happening in the pictures, why such a diagram card is drawn next to the picture. Cut, mix. Invite the child to lay out the diagram cards in a column (few people know how it is) and pick up a card with a plot for each of them.
Action - Card Scheme
Take a book and a pen. Perform the following manipulations, and the child names the action and selects a diagram card. Every time we ask questions: "Where is the pen?" and (if appropriate) "Where do we get the pen from?"
- Pen on a book
- pen under book
- Pen in a book
- Pen behind the book (we put the book vertically)
- Pen over book
- Pen to the right of the book. We move through the book to the left side.
- Pen between books
Game "Do it on command"
An adult gives a command, a child performs: hands behind his back (where do we get our hands from?), On the head, above our heads, behind our heads (where do we get our hands from?), Under the chin, in front of the chest. Head between palms. Get your ear over your head.
It will be great if the children themselves draw simple plots for a given pretext.
The kids will love watching the video.
Orientation in space: adverbs
Everyone is afraid of this word, except for speech therapists, because no one remembers what it is. And in fact, everything is very simple.
Adverbs that are useful to enter into the vocabulary of preparatory students are words that answer questions:
- Where?
- Where?
"Spatial" terminology surrounds us everywhere. Therefore, it is not required to look for some special material for classes with children. It is only important to teach children to use prepositions and adverbs until they begin to use them in spontaneous speech. The Non-Standard Children website wishes success to its readers.
Card file of games, game exercises for teaching children
preschool age correct use of prepositions.
"Little Word"
Target: give children an idea of the meaning of the prepositionon in speech.
Equipment. Cubes, chair, table.
Game Description . The speech therapist calls one of the children and gives him the task: “Put the cube on the table. (The child completes the task.) Put the cube ... a chair. (The child did not complete the task). Why didn't you put down the cube? You don't know where to put it because I missed a small but very important word. Children, guess what word I lost. -"On the". Then instructions are given to another child. The concepts of other prepositions are given similarly.
"Who's going to ride what?"
Target: "On the"
Equipment.
Game Description . The speech therapist gives the children pictures of different types of transport. Children pick up pictures and answer the questions of a speech therapist: “What will you ride”, highlighting “on” with your voice.
Sample response: I'll go by car. etc
"What grows where?"
Target: teach children to use prepositions in speech"On the"
Equipment. Object pictures from the lotto "Transport"
Game Description . The speech therapist starts the phrase, the children finish it and repeat it in its entirety.
Daisies grow on ... .. (meadow)
Nuts grow on... (tree)
Apples grow on ... ..) (flower bed).
Carrots grow on ... (bed).
"Who sits where?"
Target: teach children to use prepositions in speech"On the"
Equipment. Story pictures.
Game Description . The speech therapist distributes plot pictures to the children and gives the task to come up with a sentence and answer the question: “Who is sitting on what?” , highlighting the preposition "on the"
The squirrel sits on a branch.
The bunny is sitting on the grass.
The bird sits on a pine tree.
Butterfly sits on a flower.
Nina is sitting on a chair.
Nina is sitting on a chair.
Kolya is sitting on a bench.
The bug sits on the rug.
"Where's the pencil?"
Target: teach children to use prepositions in speech"IN" And "On the"
Equipment. Pencil.
Game Description . The speech therapist tells the children: “I will remove the pencil, and you will answer me with one word -V or on the.
The speech therapist puts the pencil in his pocket. The children look and say:"IN ". The speech therapist puts a pencil on the table. The kids are talking: "on" Etc.
"Playing with Petrushka"
Target: teach children to use prepositions in speech"IN" And "On the"
Equipment. Parsley
Game Description . The speech therapist informs the children: “Petrushka came to visit us. He wants to play with you. Parsley will hide, and you are looking for him.
The speech therapist hides Petrushka. The children look for him and say: “Parsley is on the chair. Parsley on the floor. Parsley in the cupboard, etc.
"Help the Dunno"
Target: teach children to use prepositions in speech"IN" And "On in a sentence"
Equipment. Dunno
Game Description . The speech therapist addresses the children: “Guys, Dunno came to visit us. He made various proposals. Listen carefully to see if he's right. And if it's wrong, then find the mistake. The speech therapist reads the sentences compiled by Dunno: Flowers are on a vase. - "Wrong! Flowers are in a vase. - “What words did Dunno mix up?” -"On the" And "IN".
"Masha and her mother go to the cinema." - "Wrong! Masha and her mother are going to the cinema.” - What words did Dunno mix up?- "IN" And "On the". Similarly, work is carried out with other proposals.
"Perform an action"
Target: on, in
Equipment. Toys
Game Description . The speech therapist quietly, so that the others do not hear, gives a task to one child. Children build their answer in the form of a common sentence, for example: “What did Sasha do?” - "Sasha put the cubes in the basket." "What did Sonya do?" - "Sonya put the doll on the bed." Etc.
Where have we been, what have we seen?
Target: teach children to make common sentences using prepositionson, in
Equipment. 5 pictures depicting a forest, a field, a river, a zoo, a village, a city; 20 subject pictures depicting mushrooms, berries, squirrels, hedgehogs, boats, water lilies, fish, cancer, cornflowers, chamomile, grasshopper, camel, elephant, monkey, crocodile, cow, horse, tractor, goat.
Game Description . The speech therapist distributes pictures and invites children to complete the following tasks:
Pick four matching pictures. For example, for a forest picture, children select subject pictures: a mushroom, a hedgehog, a berry, a squirrel, a hedgehog.
Answer the questions: Where have you been? What you see?"
Sample response: I was in the forest. I saw a squirrel, mushrooms, a hedgehog, berries.
"Sunny Bunny"
Target: teach children to use prepositions in speech"IN" And "On the.
Equipment. Mirror
Game Description . The speech therapist shows the children a sunbeam and reads a poem-a counting rhyme about a sunbeam.
Bunny jumping on the wall
And winks at me.
Jumped to the picture
Lingered on a shoe
Danced on the ceiling
Lurked in a corner.
Here he is hiding in the bed,
He plays hide and seek with us.
One two three four five.
We're going to look for him.
The speech therapist tells the children: "Look for a bunny, and if you find it - answer where he hid."
Answer Sample : “Bunny on the ceiling. Bunny in the corner.
"What lies where?"
Target: teach children to use prepositions in speech"IN" .
Equipment. subject pictures.
Game Description . The speech therapist distributes pictures and asks them to come up with sentences, answer the question: “Where is it?”
The bread lies ... (in the breadbasket).
The scarf lies .... (in the pocket)
Books are ... (in the closet)
The pencil lies... (in the pencil case).
The shovel lies ... (in a bucket).
Vegetables lie ... (in a vase).
"Guess what's changed?"
Target: "In", "On", "Under" .
Equipment. Toys
Game Description .
The teacher appoints a child who must determine changes in the arrangement of toys placed on the table. It is important that the children first carefully look at how the toys are placed: the cube was on the table, and now under the table: the house was in the middle of the table, and now under the table, etc. The number, composition, position of objects should be varied.
Sample response: The cube is on the table. The cube is under the table. You can play without objects: the children will change their places in the room.
"Transport""
Target: teach children to use prepositions in speech"V" , "on the".
Equipment. Lotto "Transport".
Game Description . The speech therapist talks about how people use different means of transportation, and distributes large maps: on one, the sea is drawn, on the other, the street, on the third, the sky, on the fourth, the rails, on the fifth, the highway. Small cards depict: an airplane, a helicopter, a car, a bicycle, etc. The players take turns choosing vehicles in accordance with the content of the card.
Sample response: I need a boat. He swims in the sea.
"Who lives where?""
Target: teach children to use prepositions in speech"V".
Equipment. Object pictures depicting animals.
Game Description . The speech therapist shows the pictures to the children one by one and asks: “Who is this?” - "Dog". - "Where does the dog live?" - The dog lives in a kennel. - "Where does the squirrel live?" _ “The squirrel lives in a hollow”, etc.
"The bird sat on the window"
Target: teach children to use prepositions in speech"on the".
Equipment. Bird cut out of cardboard.
Game Description . Children sit on chairs. The teacher holds a bird by the window and pronounces the familiar quatrain:
The bird sat on the window.
Sit with us for a while
Sit down, don't fly away
The bird flies away ..., Ay!
Children are closely watching the bird. The speech therapist asks: “Where did the bird sit?” Children in a full sentence: “The bird sat on the table” (on the floor, on the closet, etc.)
"What changed?"
Target: teach children to use prepositions in speech"V" "on the".
Equipment. Pyramids, nesting dolls and other toys.
Game Description . Toys are placed on the table. The teacher suggests memorizing their location. One of the players leaves the room. At this time, the teacher changes the arrangement of objects and calls the departed (driver), offering to carefully look at the toys. Then he asks: "What has changed?" The child shows where the toy stood before, and determines the movement of objects in words, emphasizing: “Matryoshka was sitting in the corner, and now she is in the middle between the doll and the car”
If the child does not notice the changes or answers incorrectly, then he is given another attempt to guess.
"Tell me where we put"
Target: teach children to use prepositions in speech"on", "for", "under"
Equipment. Toys, small items.
Game Description . One child leaves the room. The rest of the children hide toys (objects). On a signal, the child returns to the room and looks for the object. When he finds the item, he says where it was. The players agree that they will first suggest where they put the object, for example: The ball is under .... , ball for…., etc.
"Complete"
Target: teach children to use the preposition in speech "V », "on", "from", "from", "under" and distinguish them.
Equipment. Hut, tree. Bench, bird, cat, kindergarten, grandfather, grandmother) props and toys of the puppet theater)
Game Description . Children first name objects. The teacher places them on the table: there is a hut in the middle, a garden in front of it, a tree in the garden, a bench under the tree. He tells a short story, while the children complete the sentences begun by the teacher with the help of questions: “Grandfather came out (from where?) From the hut and sat down (where?) On a bench (under what?) under a tree. A bird was sitting on a tree. The bird sang. The cat heard her, jumped (for whom?) After the bird (where? On the tree. But the bird flew away and sat (where?) on the roof of the hut. The cat climbed after her, but the bird flew away. Did she come out of the hut?) from the hut grandmother and grandfather told her everything. Grandmother got angry (at whom?) with the cat, drove her (where?) to the attic to catch mice. Then grandma (with whom?) and grandpa went (where?) to the hut for dinner.”
"Who with whom?"
Target: teach children to use prepositions in speech"With"
Equipment. Pictures depicting adult animals and their cubs
Game Description . The speech therapist lays out pictures depicting animals and their cubs and says: “Different animals came out into the clearing (selects pictures depicting adult animals and lays them out on the table). Each mother called her cub to her. Find the cubs and put them with their mother." Children select pictures with the image of cubs of animals. The speech therapist makes sure that the children choose the right pictures, and asks them the question: “Who went out with whom?”
Sample response: Fox with a fox.
"What's the basket with?"
Target: teach children to make common sentences with a preposition"With"
Equipment. A basket or picture depicting a basket filled with mushrooms, nuts, berries.
Game Description . The speech therapist, addressing the children, says: “The children went to the forest. There are a lot of mushrooms, berries, nuts in the forest. The children were delighted, filled their baskets and came home. Look what they have baskets with. Children open the baskets and answer the speech therapist's question, for example: "I have a basket of mushrooms," etc.
"What do you like?"
Target: teach children to make common sentences, use a preposition"WITH"
Equipment. subject pictures.
Game Description . The speech therapist turns to the children and says: “I love bread with jam, and you? Children alternately call: "I love bread with butter", "I love bread with cheese." Etc.
"Which word is missing?"
Target: teach children to use prepositions in speech"With"
Equipment. Images .
Game Description . The speech therapist asks the children to listen to the sentence and guess which word is missing. For example: “The bear went out into the clearing .... cubs (s). What is the right way to say it?" - a bear with cubs went out into the clearing.
“Masha brought a basket ... with apples (s). What is the right way to say it?" . "Masha brought a basket of apples."
"Hide and Seek"
Target: teach children to use prepositions in speech"behind".
Game Description . The children hide in the room. The driver is looking for, and when he finds the child, he says: "Olya hid behind a chair", "Vitya hid behind a closet."
"When does it happen?"
Target: teach children to use prepositions in speech"behind"
Equipment. Paper circles cut into four parts, each representing one season.
Game Description . Children put the parts of the circle in the order in which the seasons go. They apply each part, tell its content from the picture: spring, after spring - summer, after summer - autumn, after autumn - winter.
"Who is behind whom?"
Target: teach children to use prepositions in speech"behind"
Equipment. Chips or flags
Game Description . The participants of the game are divided into two teams. From each team, a leader is appointed in turn. Children are built in two columns. One child - the driver - stands with his back to his team. The teacher gives a signal by which the driver quickly turns to face his team and tries to remember who is behind whom. After 10 seconds, the teacher gives a signal again, and the driver, turning away, must say who is behind whom. The representatives of the second team do the same. The speech therapist gives the team chips (flags) for the correct answers. After the end of the game, the number of chips for each team is counted and the winning team is determined.
"Find such a tree"
Target: teach children to use prepositions in speech"s", "y"
Equipment. Leaves of 3-4 familiar tree species.
Game Description . Option 1. The teacher shows the children the leaves of the trees and asks from which tree they are plucked. Children say: “birches”, “From the maple”, etc. Then, together, they look for the named tree in the area through the leaves.
Option 2 The teacher distributes different leaves to the children and offers to run up to the tree on which the leaves are the same as they have in their hand, and call it “The same leaves are on the birch, on the maple”, etc.
"Where does it grow?"
Target: teach children to use prepositions correctly"V" with nouns in prepositional singular and plural
Equipment. subject pictures
Game Description The teacher shows pictures of vegetables, fruits, berries, mushrooms. To the question: "Where does it grow?" - children should indicate: in the forest, in the garden, in the garden, etc. For the correct answer, children receive pictures or chips. The winner is the one who collects the most pictures (or chips)
Speech sample: Pear (pears) grow (grow) in the garden. And so on
"Keys"
Target: Teaching children to use prepositions in speech"at"
Description of the game. Children become in a circle. The driver comes to one of the children standing in a circle and asks: “Where are the keys?” He replies: “Petya is in the circle of children and asks:“ Where are the keys? He replies: “Petya (Vanya). When the driver goes to the specified child, the children behind him change places. At this time, the driver should try to take the place of one of the neglecting ones. After that, the game resumes.
"Determine the place of the toy"
Target: teach children to use prepositions correctly"with", "for".
Equipment. Toys, household items.
Description of the game. The teacher arranges toys on the table in such a way that several toys stand in a row, and some are behind. Calling one child, he asks: “What is the car next to?” - "The car is next to the doll." Then the teacher asks the following question: “Which toy is the pyramid behind?” - "The pyramid stands behind the bear."
"Who without what?"
Target: teach children to use prepositions in speech"without" with nouns in gender. case.
Equipment. Broken toys..
Description of the game. The speech therapist addresses the children: “Guys, look, “sick” toys have come to us and ask you to help them. Let's see what happens to them?
A hare without anything (a hare without an ear)
A bear without anything (A bear without a paw.)
Doll without what? (doll without hair)
Fox without what? (A fox without a tail.)
"Who without what?"
Target: teach children to use prepositions in speech"without" with nouns in the genitive case.
Equipment. Rubber, wooden, plastic, metal, glass toys.
Description of the game. The speech therapist demonstrates the ball and asks the children: “What is the ball made of?” - “The ball is made of rubber. The ball is rubber. Next, the children themselves determine what the toys are made of and make up sentences.
"Who has what cubs?"
Target: To teach children to use the preposition y with nouns in the genitive case in speech.
Equipment. Pictures depicting animals, birds and their cubs.
Description of the game. The speech therapist distributes pictures of cubs to children, and leaves adult animals and birds at home. The speech therapist asks: “Who has a foal?” A child who has a picture of a foal on a horse. For the correct answer, the speech therapist gives a picture of an adult animal. At the end of the game, the results are summed up and the winner is determined.
"Where is what?"
Target: teach children to use prepositions in speech"on the"
Description of the game. The speech therapist calls the children items that should be stored in certain places (dresses, cups, spoons, shoes, pots, toys). And the children should answer: “Dresses hang on a hanger,” etc.
"Caring Children"
Target: teach children to use prepositions in speech"O" with nouns in the prepositional case.
Equipment. Plot pictures, which depict children caring for plants, animals.
Description of the game. The speech therapist distributes pictures to the children, offers to carefully examine them and answer the questions: “What do children care about? Who do the kids care about?
Sample response: Children take care of flowers. The children take care of the trees. Children take care of rabbits.
"Fix the mistake"
Target: teach children to understand the meaning of the sentence.
Equipment. Chips.
Description of the game. The speech therapist tells the children: “I will read sentences to you. But there are mistakes in these sentences, you must correct them. Listen carefully. The goat brought food to the girl.
The ball plays with Sasha.
The road goes by car.
Gena broke the ball with glass.
Olya with a picture is drawing a dad.
Masha carries a bag in cabbage.
For each corrected mistake, children receive chips. The one with the most chips wins.
"Game system
Performed:
to reinforce suggestions"
Teacher - speech therapist: Tryasina Yulia Evgenievna
Chelyabinsk region
city of Miass
MKDOU №18
A large number of children with OHP have an extremely low level of development in terms of perception of space and orientation in it. They have difficulty in determining the sides of space (especially right, left); there is a lack of formation of elementary levels of mastery of space, a misunderstanding of spatial relationships between objects.
The lack of formation of spatial representations directly affects the level of intellectual development of the child, which leads to the appearance of violations of graphic activity, constructive, game and counting.
The development of cognitive activity, overcoming spatial disturbances and preparing children for such a complex type of activity as writing are facilitated by corrective and educational games.
"Visiting Amanita"
Goals :
1. Learning to read graphic diagrams with prepositions, using these prepositions in speech when making sentences;
2. Development of the ability to verbally designate spatial relationships between objects using prepositions over, under;
Equipment : suggestion cards; pictures of fly agaric, butterflies, beetles, caterpillars, flowers on magnets.
The speech therapist offers to play hide and seek. Insects gathered in a wonderful clearing to admire the handsome fly agaric. But there are "little words" that are hidden in the schemes.
Children list prepositions that will help you find out who came to admire the miracle mushroom. Make up sentences using diagrams. They call what and who is to the left, to the right of the fly agaric.
"Fedorino grief"
Goals :
1. Learning to read graphic diagrams with prepositions, using them in speech when making sentences;
2. Development of the ability to verbally designate spatial relationships between prepositions using prepositions: for, on, because of;
3. Fixing and expanding spatial adverbs: left, right, top, bottom, above, below.
Equipment: a picture depicting dishes that Fedora hid on a shelf; suggestion schemes.
The speech therapist hangs up a picture in which Fedora invites the children to play hide and seek with her. Children find the location of the dishes using the "little words" that are also hidden in the picture. List prepositions that will help you find out what is hidden where. Make sentences with these prepositions.
Questions:
What is hidden above all?
What is closer to us?
"Terem Teremok"
Goals:
1. Reflection of spatial relationships between objects, using the words: left, right, top, bottom.
2. Learn to distinguish between prepositions under and over, use them correctly with nouns in the instrumental case;
Equipment : picture with a house; in the windows of the house - tenants.
The speech therapist offers to consider a new house in which the tenants have settled. Finding out the location of the tenants, the children determine: who is above whom or under whom settled in the new house, they call the neighbor on the left or on the right.
For example: "Who lives under the arm?"
"Encrypted Offer"
Target :
1. Learning to read graphic diagrams with prepositions, the use of these prepositions in speech when making sentences.
Equipment: cards on which two objects are depicted, and a diagram of a preposition between them.
The speech therapist invites the children to "read" the sentence. For example, a card (a cat is a preposition scheme from under a hat); the child makes a sentence: "The cat looks out from under the hat." You can invite the child to come up with and "write" similar sentences with prepositions known to him.
"Place the houses"
Goals:
1. Clarification and differentiation of the meaning of prepositions on, in, over, under, from.
Equipment: houses with windows for cards with plot pictures (using this preposition in the plot); card symbolizing the preposition on the roof of the house.
The speech therapist offers to populate the apartments in the new houses with tenants, fulfilling one condition: pick up and arrange the cards in the windows of the houses, determining the meaning of the preposition. Cards with the symbol of the preposition is located on the roof of the house.
"Throw - ka"
Target:
1. Strengthening the understanding and correct use of various prepositions.
Equipment: cubes on the faces of which schemes of prepositions are depicted.
The speech therapist invites the children to roll a cube with preposition schemes on its faces and come up with a sentence (or choose a suitable picture) with a “small word”, the scheme of which turned out to be on the top face of the game cube.
"Jolly Train"
Target:
1. Fixing prepositional case constructions;
2. Differentiation of prepositions IN, ON, UNDER, OVER.
Equipment: A mock-up of the train is displayed on the board, in each car there are prepositions in the windows.
The speech therapist says: - Passengers carry different things on the train. In the first car they carry things about which you can make a sentence with the word B. In the second car - things about which you can make up a sentence with the word ON, and in the third - with the word UNDER. The speech therapist shows pictures. Children come up with a sentence and put the pictures in the corresponding "cars". For example, the picture "The ball is under the table"
thanks for
Prepositions in poems, pictures and games for children: materials for speech games and activities with preschool children.
Prepositions in poems, pictures, tasks and games for children.
According to research, prepositions appear in the speech of children later than other parts of speech. First, children begin to use nouns, adjectives and verbs in their speech, then - metanouns, adverbs, numerals. And only after them - suggestions. First prepositions appear in children in the third year of life - at the age of 2 years 3 months - 2 years 6 months (A.N. Gvozdev).
Toddlers first start using prepositions "y", "with", "from"(“from home”, “with dad”, “at the window.” Then, at the age of 2 years 6 months to 3 years, words appear "for", "after", "through", "under".
In the fifth year of life (data by G.M. Lyamina) children most actively use in everyday life prepositions "y", "in", "on", "with". At this age, prepositions are rarely used that indicate the exact location of an object (“above”, “between”, “through”, “before”). And children of the fifth year of life practically do not use the prepositions “under”, “before”, “about”, “about” in everyday communication. In everyday life, children prefer to use the words “there”, “here” (adverbs of place) instead of prepositions.
At the age of 5-7 years the child already uses a large number of various prepositions, using them correctly in his speech: on, in, behind, under, to, from, by, about, from, from, over, because of, from under, through, between. Children know that a preposition is a separate word. And they can count how many words are in a sentence with a preposition and lay out the sentence scheme with chopsticks. One stick is one word. For example, in the sentence "We are going to the forest" - 4 words. Accordingly, the scheme of this sentence will look like a row of 4 sticks, and children at 6 years old already understand that “in” is a separate word in the sentence
Mastering prepositions not as easy for children as it may seem. Toddlers often skip prepositions in their speech or confuse them, making speech errors. In entertaining speech games and game speech exercises, you can help kids master prepositions and learn how to use them accurately and correctly, without errors, in their speech.
Games with prepositions for children.
Before you conduct speech games with prepositions, you need to find out what prepositions your baby is already using and whether he uses them correctly.
Step one.
You will need: soft toy - a dog, cat, parrot or other character who likes to play hide and seek.
Let the toy hide in different places in the room, and the child looks for where she hid and calls her location in words. For example: "Dog V closet! And now she under table! On the table! Behind sofa! At window! Between doll and bear on shelf! In this game, we can determine whether the child uses prepositions correctly in his speech.
If you are playing with a toy - a cat, then use a poem - a counting rhyme by N. Pikuleva:
I hear, I hear, I hear, I hear
Who sank and where!
The cat jumped on the roof
And disappeared without a trace!
One two three four five,
I'm going to look for her!
While the words of the counting rhyme are being said, you hide the toy. At the words "I'm going to look," the child opens his eyes and goes in search. The prize is awarded if the kid not only found the toy, but also named where it was hiding. If it is difficult for the baby and he does not cope with the task, then tell him the correct answer, while noting for himself that this pretext has not yet been mastered by the child. In any case, the game should be fun!
Very important, so that this game is played on behalf of the toy - so that it is the toy that asks to play hide and seek with it. It was she who asked the baby questions and praised him, and, if necessary, corrected him: “Where did I hide? Name it! Exactly, guessed it! Or: But I didn’t guess. And she was not ON the chair, but BEHIND the chair!
Step two.
You will need: a crate or box (which can hold toys), as well as a few toys.
First, agree with the child where you can hide the toys in this game - conduct a “training”. Ask the child to hide the toy V box, on box, under box, behind box, y (about) boxes, between box and teddy bear before box. So you check whether the baby understands the meanings of different prepositions, whether he confuses them.
Then invite your baby to hide the toy from you in one of the places that you have already identified with him. And you will guess where it is.
Turn away from the child, give him time to hide the toy and ask questions: “Doggy on the box? Under the box? At the box? Behind the box? In the box?". When the child happily says “Yes, a dog ... (for example, in a box)” in confirmation of your answer, turn around and check if the toy is really in the box. If a mistake is made, then correct it - “Oh, the dog is not in the box. Where is she? Here she is! Behind the box! Put the dog in the box, and now - behind the box. Where is she hiding now? That's right, behind the box!
If the child is 4-6 years old, then invite him to hide several toys from you in different places (in a box, by the box, behind the box, under the box, on the box, etc.) and try to guess where everything is. Then turn around and, together with the baby, describe the correct location of the items: “Duck in the box. Hippo - behind the box. The machine is in front of the box. The dog is on the box. The snake is under the box. Count how many points you got in the game (1 point is one guess). Then switch roles.
In this game you will be able to understand how accurately, correctly, freely your baby uses prepositions and what he needs your help in.
If a child uses prepositions incorrectly, then you need to help him with a series of exciting speech games that will help clarify and consolidate the meanings of different prepositions. Choose games from the list below according to the problems that your child has (which pretexts he has not mastered).
How to play games with prepositions?
If the child is confused in all prepositions, then it is best to play games in stages - from simple to complex.
Stage 1 - games with prepositions on, in, under, about- You will find them in the article
Stage 2 - games with prepositions between, for, before- a series of educational games you can read in the article
Stage 3 - these are speech games - confusion with different prepositions from this article. These games should be switched to when the child is already familiar with prepositions and actively uses them in his speech, but still makes mistakes.
If the child has mastered the prepositions well enough on, in, under, about, between, behind, before, then you can immediately proceed to the third stage - that is, to the games from this article.
Most effectively, prepositions are mastered by kids in the active actions of the child himself (in such tasks as hide, show action, find), and not in classes from books (“show me where ...”). This means that the baby is more likely to learn the preposition "on" by putting a toy dog on the booth than looking at a picture in a book in which the dog is sitting on the booth. The path is like this:
- from playing with toys and objects (the child himself actively acts with objects, placing them in the right place and naming a preposition)
- to looking at pictures (where? name)
- to solving problems without visual support - verbal problems without pictures and toys.
Just a few active speech games can be much more useful in classes with a three-year-old child than a long study with a child of a book about prepositions. After all, a child learns the world best of all and develops by playing and actively acting on his own!
Preposition games: ideas for activities with preschoolers.
Game with the prepositions "Live Pictures".
One of the favorite exercises of children with prepositions is “live pictures”. The game can be played in two versions:
A) Children (child) act out scenes - pantomimes, depicting actions The host guesses what kind of action it is (you water the flowers FROM watering cans, you put down the spoon ON table, you hid something UNDER table, etc.) Then they change roles in the game. You can play both individual actions and holistic plots.
B) Picture - an illustration of a story or a poem is laid out by a child on a magnetic board, flannelgraph or carpet maker. You can stage situations on the table with the help of real objects under the lines of poetry or fables. The child lays out images - "live pictures" in accordance with the text of the poem or story.
Prepositions in poetry and games with children of primary preschool age (3-4 years old)
Poems with prepositions for children 3-4 years old. Z. Alexandrova. What you took - put it back!
Read the poem by Z. Alexandrova and invite the child to play it out using real objects and toys - doll shoes and a crib, a real mug, buffet, pillow. In accordance with the text of the poem, the baby will need to place objects.
You can play the game in such a way that the tasks from the poem are performed by the Olya doll, and then the baby corrects her mistakes and helps the doll cope with the tasks of the mother.
Step 1. Read the poem. Before reading, explain to your child that the word "boots" in the verse means "boots." Act out the poem.
Step 2 Correct Olya's mistakes with your child - help her put everything in its place. Tell with your child where you had to put the mug (In the sideboard), pillow (ON the bed), shoes (UNDER the bed).
“Olenka knows this:
What you took, put it back!
Only the girl is small:
She forgets where she got it.On puts a mug on the crib,
On parquet lays a pillow,
Hiding boots V buffet.
Is everything in place or not?If mom was silent,
You have to do everything first:
On sideboard carry pillow,
On parquet put a mug,
Put your boots on V bed…
Seems wrong again?Olya looks guilty:
No, it wasn't there...
Help her guys
Put everything in its place. (Z. Aleksandrova)"
The game is a confusion with prepositions for children 3-5 years old. A. Valasina. Pie.
Children are very fond of learning exciting, love humor and unexpected moments. That is why I composed a humorous rhyme about prepositions for speech classes with children. This poem is a confusion, a merry play with words. Try to play this fun and useful game for the development of the child's speech!
To play you will need toys (pictures or objects): a cat, a basket, a picture.
Read a poem with the baby and lay out with the help of objects or pictures what the boy said (according to the text of the poem). Then lay out those confusions that he got. Ask the child, what did the boy mix up? Let him correct his mistakes. At the end of the poem, put all the things in their places and tell the child where they are (on the wall, under the picture, in the basket, by the basket)
The text of the poem:
Once I was waiting for guests - many adults and children.
I baked a delicious apple pie very cleverly.
Wiped the dust and washed the floor. And watered flowers everywhere.
So I looked around, lines suddenly composed:
« On a picture hangs on the wall, under she has a basket.
IN
the cat is sleeping in that basket. A ball lies next to her.
So the rhyme turned out, everything turned out very smoothly.
In order not to forget the lines, I decided to repeat them:
“There is a picture against the wall, and under it a basket sleeps.
A ball hangs on the wall, a cat lies on a ball.
Oh, the words all got lost and the verses did not work out!
Well, I have to repeat these lines again:
“A basket hangs on the wall, and in that basket is a picture.
The cat is sleeping by the basket, and under it lies a ball.
I confused something. Help me friends!
Together we will repeat these lines again:
“Hanging on the wall ... (picture). And under it stands ... (basket).
The cat is sleeping in that basket. Next to her ... (a tangle lies) ".
Now the order is complete! A huge pie awaits all of us!
Look at the pictures and look for confusion on them - fables. Name with the child where the objects are and where they should be drawn.
Preposition game for kids. "Hen and Chicks".
To play you will need toys or pictures: chicken and chickens. A similar game can be played with other toys - for example, a goat and kids, a cat and kittens, a duck and ducklings, a sheep and lambs (depending on what you have at home).
Read a poem to your child (or sing a song):
The hen went out for a walk
Pinch fresh grass
And behind her guys -
Yellow chickens!Co-co-co, co-co-co,
Don't go far
Row with your paws,
Looking for grains!Ate a fat beetle
earthworm,
We drank some water
Full trough!
Invite the child to close his eyes, and at this time you will hide the figures of chickens. For this, use the pictures and objects that you have at home (you can hide behind a book, behind a toy tree, under a doll bench, on a car, etc.).
Let's help the hen collect her babies. Where did they hide? (ask the baby to find the chickens and name where they are): “Where are the chickens hiding? That's right, here's one - ON the porch. And second? Yes, behind the porch. Where is the third chicken? Under the house. On the pond Under a bush. Where did the chick come from to its mother hen? From under the house. Where is this one from? Because of the bush. Where is this chicken hiding? On the grass by the pond, etc.”
Speech game with the preposition "for". Guess who hid behind the house?
Another poem that is great for reinforcing the correct use of the preposition “for” in children’s speech is hidden behind the house (behind a bush, behind a car, behind a fence, and other options).
We're playing hide and seek now
And the game is full of puzzles.
I can't find Sasha
Nastya, Dima and Natasha.
Nobody here behind bush,
Behind porch and behind pillar.
I'm a little embarrassed
That friends are not visible at all.
Where are the guys to look now?
I'll go around the whole yard again.
Whose legs are behind the car?
Nastya and Dima sat down there.
Where to look for Sasha with Natasha?
Here they are in our entryway.
I won't even tell you
Where will I hide after myself. (V. Puzyrev)
After reading the poem, play with the children the game “Guess who hid behind the house” (behind a tree, behind a bush, etc.). To do this, take a picture depicting a house, and pictures of various animals and birds. Hide pictures of animals and birds in turn behind the silhouette of the house so that only one part of the image of the animal is visible. In this part, the children try to guess who hid behind the house.
Similarly, you can play the game "Guess who hid behind a bush, (behind fence, behind tree)"
An example of pictures for such a game you will find
Prepositions in games and poems with older preschool children
(5-7 years old)
Poems with prepositions for children 5-7 years old. M. Yasnov. Prepositions
This humorous poem is best acted out with a group of children. But if you are working with one kid, then you can use pictures and place them on the board or on a piece of paper in accordance with the text of the poem. Or play a scene with toys on the table.
Sat passerby on bench,
kept V bag hands.
A above a starling sat on a bench,
A under- lying bulldog.And the one in the grass, sitting under,
And the one that above, in foliage,
Looking at who on, -
Back to what V.Then the passerby took the bag
And took out a pie.
Part tossed above, threw part under,
But other - V mouth.And everyone began to chew,
Come back, one - to peck.
For this he had to
Fly and jump at.So warm, soft pie
Was eaten inside and out
A crumpled little bag
Got into my coat pocket.And flew alone over,
Another useful from under
And next to the third ran
For, before -
And go! (Mikhail Yasnov)
Step 1. Read the poem in its entirety and offer to play it - to make "live pictures".
Step 2 Reread the first two quatrains and ask the kid to lay out a picture (a passer-by on a bench, a bag in his hands, a starling above the bench on a tree, a dog under the bench)
Step 4 Read the last quatrain and ask the kid if he guessed who they are and what they do. Who "flew over - over"? By - what is it for? (across the sky) Above - above what? (above the foliage, above the trees) Who crawled out from under? What did he get out of? (from under the bench) Who did he run with? For whom? Before whom? (in front of a passer-by). Act out with the toys.
Step 5 Tell this story in your own words with your child by playing a mini-performance - improvisation. Help the child with the beginning of the phrases: “Once a passer-by .... He sat down .. (where?). His bulldog… (what did he do?) and so on.”
Poems with prepositions for children 5-7 years old. Chamomile grows by the bush. We develop word creation and compose fables - poems with prepositions together with children.
This poem is easy to dramatize with a child.
Ideas for this preposition game:
Option 1. Cut out simple silhouettes from paper - a chamomile, a bug, a bush, a bird, a shirt, a river, a bridge.
Option 2. The river can be a blue satin ribbon or a strip of paper. Bridge - a brick from a building set. Kustom - a green semi-oval made of cardboard. A small red circle can become a bug, a medium-sized gray oval can become a bird. Shirt - a silhouette of paper in the shape of the letter T. Use objects - substitutes that develop the imagination of kids. And lay out the picture in accordance with the text of the poem.
At bush grows chamomile.
Under a bug sits in a bush.
Above a bird flies in a bush.
On a shirt hangs in a bush.Why? Yes, because!
Because behind bush -
Near the river behind bridge -
Wet fisherman dries,
No shirt, no pants.
I forgot my fishing rod at home
And he caught fish with his hands.
So carried away that I stumbled
At the river sits in anguish,
Dry, cold and sad.
Then play fables - come up with unusual lines with prepositions that the baby will stage - lay out from the pictures in accordance with the meaning of the preposition.
It is very important here that the child, when laying out pictures, will focus precisely on the meaning of prepositions, and not on life's usual logic. This is a more difficult task.
Variants of our confusion with children - fables according to this poem for "live pictures":
Fiction - confusion with prepositions 1.
A bird flies by the bush.
Chamomile grows on a bush.
A bug sits by the river.
There is a shirt on the bridge.
Fiction - confusion with prepositions 2.
A shirt hangs under the bridge
Chamomile grows on the bridge.
A bug sits behind a bush,
A bird flies over the bush.
Fiction - confusion with prepositions 3.
Insects grow on a bush,
Daisies grow under the bridge
A bird flies by the river
And a bug lives in the river.
Usually, children at the age of 4-5 willingly compose their fables with pretexts in continuation of this game. For example,
A shirt lives on a pine tree,
A bug hangs under a pine tree,
A bird flies by the pine tree
And chamomile grows in a pine tree!
Encourage children to play with words like this. It testifies to the development of a child's linguistic instinct, helps him experiment with words, sounds, syllables, develops his linguistic and creative abilities. Write down fables - changelings and other compositions of kids. Preschool age is the age of linguistic talent! But it goes by so fast! Use its features to 100%!
Game with prepositions for children 5-7 years old. "Kittens".
You will need: pictures of "kittens" (5 pieces) or toy kittens (5 pieces)
Read a poem to your child and ask him to hide the kittens (where the kittens hid, the baby will learn from the verse). Then ask where Snowball ran out of? (from the boot) Where did Murzik jump from? (From the basket). Where did the matryoshka jump from? And Vasilinka? Where did Grishka come from? (From the closet).
Invite the baby to come up with new places in the room where he would hide the kittens and name them (behind the closet, between the table and the chair, under the sofa, etc.)
Then play hide and seek with your child. Let the child hide the kittens, and you will guess and name where they are. Then switch roles. A mandatory rule in the game is to name the place where the kitten is located in words. Only in this case it is considered that the kitten is found and you can switch roles.
Poem for the game with prepositions "Kittens"
Once upon a time, only kittens
Decided to play hide and seek:
First jumped V boot -
Little snowball cat.
Murzik hid V basket,
A under Vasilinka table.
With a blue bow Matryoshka
hid at window.
Well, the smartest Grishka
Climbed into the closet, rascal!
That's how little kittens
We decided to play hide and seek.
Been looking for them for a long time
Only where they did not know
Only then, to the milk bowl
Pussies came running quickly.
One two three four five -
Here it is all back together! (E. Goreva)
Game with prepositions "Hide and seek in the forest."
This poem is very well suited for dramatization with a group of older preschool children or for acting out in a toy theater or picture theater. It contains the prepositions "in", "for", "on", "before", "under". After the dramatization, you can come up with new places where forest dwellers could hide and name them (in a den, in a hollow, under a stump, on a branch, etc.)
I'll tell you guys
How did the animals play hide and seek? .
They gathered in the forest.
Who hid behind bumps,
Who on tree climbed,
Who went deeper V forest,
A green crocodile -
He drove.
The son jumped to the kangaroo,
Ran and V hop bag!
bear clumsy
hid behind dad.
And beavers, as always,
ran before pond
And there!
Here is the accelerator giraffe
I'm not happy with my height.
Where can he hide
With a height of five thirty.
He changed his mind about playing
"I'd rather watch.
me with such a height
Everything is easy to see."
prickly hedgehogs
hid under Christmas tree.
You can't see them there at all.
They are like a spruce - in needles,
A crocodile in the thicket
Doesn't want to pick up.
And here sit hedgehogs
And they laugh in a whisper.
Offended Green,
Muttering under his breath
That he is tired and more
Doesn't want to play anymore.
Play hide and seek today
I don't want to anymore
Now let them look for me"
And plopped down V swamp. (A. Prokofiev)
The game "How the squirrel ran away from the fox"
In this speech game, the baby remembers the path of the squirrel and repeats it from the pictures using prepositions.
Game with prepositions "Find the mistake" (for children 5-7 years old).
Invite the child to find what mistakes Dunno made. When thinking of sentences with mistakes, include typical mistakes of your child in them. Complement these difficult for the child cases of using prepositions with just fun and easy examples so that the child enjoys playing this speech game and to laugh with him. For example,
- We went to the store (We went to the store)
- I picked an apple from a tree (I picked an apple from a tree)
- The chicks fell out of the nest (chicks fell out of the nest)
- I'll take the toy from the closet (I'll take the toy from the closet)
- The cat jumped from the chair (the cat jumped from the chair)
Poems - a riddle with prepositions for children 6-8 years old.
At 6-7 years old, children are introduced to the term "preposition" and explained that prepositions are "small words". This poem will help you:
At road cat sits.
Behind expensive house is worth.
Before I will run the road
Under I will cross the road -
There is an underground passage.
From the dog is walking the road.
On road - sentry,
Above expensive - clouds.
We went to the road with you
Two hours away.
Us in the story of the road
Helped a lot... prepositions)
Preposition games are always very interesting and entertaining! I wish you and your kids success in mastering their native language! And I also want to say that almost all these games can be played in a foreign language when the baby grows up.
