New math games for preschoolers. Game lessons in mathematics in the senior group of kindergarten
Collection of mathematical games
(for children preschool age)
Compiled by: Polubinskaya N.P.
Explanatory note……………………………………………………………..3
Games with numbers and numbers………………………………………………………4
Games with geometric shapes…………………………………….11
Games according to the size section………………………………………………18
Logic games……………………………………………………….. 20
Explanatory note
“Children are always willing to do something. This is very useful, and therefore not only should it not be interfered with, but measures must be taken to ensure that they always have something to do.”
Komensky Ya.
Getting to know amazing world mathematics begins in preschool age. Children with interest and desire get acquainted with numbers, learn to operate with them, compare objects by size, study geometric shapes and master the skill of orientation in space and time. Mathematics provides enormous opportunities for the development of thinking, logic and attention.
For successful mastery of knowledge in the sections of the formation of elementary mathematical concepts (FEMP), a large role is given to didactic games. Play is the leading type of activity for children; only through play does a child unobtrusively acquire and successfully consolidate knowledge.
Each of the FEMP games solves a specific problem of improving children’s mathematical (quantitative, spatial, temporal) concepts.
Didactic games are included directly in the content of FEMP classes as one of the means of implementing program tasks, as well as for individual work to consolidate children’s knowledge in the afternoon. Didactic games in the structure of the FEMP lesson are determined by the age of the children, the purpose, purpose, and content of the lesson.
Games with numbers and numbers
1. Didactic game “Collect flowers”
Age 5-6 years
Target: fix the composition of the numbers 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10.
Equipment: petals with examples of the composition of the numbers 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, the middle with the numbers 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10.
Methodology:
The teacher invites the children to collect beautiful flowers. The centers of flowers are laid out on the tables, and petal cards are distributed to the children. At the signal, the children must find the right middle and collect the flower. The team that collects its daisy correctly and quickly wins.
2. Didactic game “Sleigh”
Age 5-6 years
Target: consolidate the ability to distinguish between neighbors of a number.
Equipment: cards - sleigh with numbers, cards with numbers.
Methodology:
The teacher suggests going on a winter sleigh ride. Children choose any cards they want: some with numbers, some with sleighs. After this, the teacher lines up the children in two lines: with the sleds in one, and with numbers in the other. Please note that in order for the sleigh to move: you need to find your rider. Children carefully look at their cards and look for their match: the child with the missing number card. Those who find each other form a sleigh and wait for all the children. As soon as everyone stands up in pairs, the group goes on a winter walk, making a circle, laying out the cards again on the table and the game continues
The game can be played up to three times.
3. Didactic game “Treat for the squirrel”
Age 5-6 years
Target: fixing forward and backward counting within 10.
Equipment: cards in the shape of nuts and mushrooms with numbers from 1 to 10, two multi-colored strings, a picture or toy squirrel.
Methodology:
The teacher asks a riddle about a squirrel:
From branch to branch
Can I fly?
Red tail
No one can catch it.
Once upon a time in summer
I should play in the forest
Need mushrooms
Collect for winter.
Shows a picture or toy of a squirrel, asks to help the squirrel: collect nuts and mushrooms. Gives the task to collect nuts from one to ten, strung on a string, and mushrooms from 10 to one. Checks the completion, asks the child to name the numbers in forward and reverse order.
Complications:
You can collect even and odd numbers in forward and reverse order.
4. Didactic game “Let’s Harvest”
Age 5-6 years
Target: consolidate the composition of numbers 6,7,8.
Equipment: three baskets with cells, carrot and cabbage cards with examples of the composition of the numbers 6,7 and 8.
Methodology:
The teacher asks a riddle about autumn:
I bring in the harvests, I re-sow the fields,
I send the birds south, I strip the trees,
But I don’t touch the pines and fir trees, I.
Conducts a conversation about the concerns of collective farmers in the fields in the fall.
Offers to help collect carrots and cabbage, properly placing them in baskets.
Checks the completion of the task (you can offer counting sticks to check).
Complications:
You can offer children a competition: who can harvest the crops faster and correctly?
5. Didactic game “Help Baba Fedora”
Age 5-6 years
Target: consolidate the ability to compare numbers using greater than, less than and equal signs, and distinguish numbers from 1 to 12.
Equipment: a picture of Baba Fedora, cards with pictures of dishes, small white leaves, paper clips, simple pencils.
Methodology:
The teacher reads an excerpt from K. And Chukovsky’s fairy tale “Fedorino’s Grief”:
"And the pan is running
She shouted to the iron:
"I'm running, running, running,
I can't resist! "
So the kettle runs after the coffee pot,
Chatting, chattering, rattling. "
Guys, what fairy tale are the dishes from? What happened to her? Who hurt her? How can we help Fedora?
To return the dishes, you need to place the signs correctly: greater than, less than or equal to!
Invites children to carefully examine the card and complete the task.
6. Didactic game “Fishing”
Age 5-6 years
Target: introduce and consolidate the composition of the numbers 6, 7 and 8.
Equipment: fish cards with examples of the composition of the numbers 6,7 and 8; 3 buckets with cells.
Methodology:
The teacher invites the children to put the fisherman's catch into buckets.
Guys, we need your help - we urgently need to feed the inhabitants of the water park: polar bear fish eats only 8 kg, seal - 6 kg, and dolphin - 7 kg. You can't make a mistake, be careful.
Children choose a fish card and place it in the correct bucket.
The teacher checks the correctness of execution. You can choose a captain who will check all the fish in the bucket.
7. Didactic game “Big Laundry”
Age 5-6 years
Target: introduce and consolidate the composition of the numbers 8, 9 and 10.
Equipment: cards of things with examples of the composition of the numbers 8,9 and 10; three washing machines with cells.
Methodology:
Invite children to put their laundry in automatic washing machines.
Guys, the holiday of March 8th is approaching, so let’s give mom a gift, let’s help her wash her clothes.
8. Didactic game “Help the bees get home”
Age 5-6 years
Target: introduce and consolidate the composition of the numbers 5,6,7 and 8.
Equipment: bee cards with examples of the composition of the numbers 5,6,7 and 8; three pieces of evidence with cells.
Methodology:
The teacher draws attention to the houses attached to the board and clarifies whose they are.
Creates a problematic situation:
The bees need to get home, but they cannot do this because they do not know what their house is.
The children agree to help, choose a bee card and place it in the correct clue.
As soon as all the children complete the task, the teacher checks the correctness of the task and thanks the children for their help.
Complications:
You can offer the children a competition to see who can help the bees get home faster.
You can play individually and in subgroups.
The test can be performed by a child who has mastered the composition of numbers well.
9. Didactic game “Sea Voyage”
Age 5-6 years
Target: consolidate the ability to solve examples with + and – within 6 - 11.
Equipment: boat cards with examples of + and – ranging from 6-11; four berths with cells.
Methodology:
The teacher invites the children to go on a sea voyage, choose a boat for themselves, and disperse into groups. Children choose a boat card, walk around the group, look at it carefully, and count their example. At the teacher’s signal “Moor!”: the children choose the desired pier and moor their boat.
The teacher checks the correctness of the task.
Games with geometric shapes
1. Didactic game "Portrait"
Age 4-5 years
Goals:
* Teach children to see familiar images in schematic representations of objects.
* Strengthen the ability to distinguish between the concepts of size: large, slightly smaller and smallest.
* Exercise the ability to distinguish geometric shapes.
* Develop the skill of orientation on a sheet.
Equipment:“magic box” with toys or pictures: bunny, cat, bird, snowman; frames, sets of geometric shapes: circle, oval, triangle of different sizes: large, slightly smaller and the smallest.
Methodology:
The teacher draws attention to the “magic box”.
Today guests came to us, but in order to see them, we need to make their portrait from geometric shapes.
Place the frame in front of you and listen carefully:
Place a large circle in the middle of the bottom edge of the frame, a slightly smaller circle on top of it, two small ovals on top of it, and to the right of the large circle place the smallest circle.
Who got it?
Well done guys, you guessed correctly - it's a bunny!
The teacher takes it out of the box and shows the bunny.
Children remove the pieces and the game continues.
The teacher gives instructions to the children, they lay out the figures.
"Bird" "Cat"
The game can be used for individual work, as part of a lesson for working in subgroups.
2. Didactic game “The Adventures of Kolobok”
Age 4-5 years
Goals:
* Strengthen the ability to distinguish round shapes in vegetables, fruits and berries.
* Exercise the ability to name and distinguish primary colors.
* Develop logical thinking.
Equipment: pictures - bun and rainbow, pictures of vegetables, fruits and berries according to the colors of the rainbow in a round shape.
Methodology:
Educator:
Today a fairy-tale hero came to visit us: he is round, he left his grandmother. Who is this?
That's right, bun!
Displays a picture of a kolobok on the board.
Kolobok invites you on a journey. The bun was rolling through the forest and suddenly I saw a cloud descend into a clearing, and a magical multi-colored path appeared from it. What kind of path is this?
That's right, it's a rainbow!
Places a picture on the board: a cloud with a rainbow.
Our little boy wanted to take a walk on the rainbow. He jumped onto the red stripe of the rainbow and suddenly turned...
What do you think our bun could become on the red carpet? What vegetables, fruits or berries are round and red?
Tomato apple radish raspberry
Well done boys. And our bun rolled further onto the orange stripe.
Orange persimmon pumpkin tangerine
What vegetables, fruits or berries could our bun turn into?
Tomato apple apricot turnip
That's right, on the green.
The game continues in the same way.
Green rainbow stripe
Green apple peas watermelon cabbage grapes gooseberries
Blue rainbow stripe
Blueberry
Rainbow blue stripe
Blue grapes
purple rainbow stripe
Plum cabbage potatoes
Educator:
So the adventures of our little bun are over!
3. Didactic game “Fix the dress”
Age 5-6 years
Target:
Equipment: silhouettes of dresses with “holes” and details for repairing dresses.
Methodology:
The teacher offers to help Cinderella mend dresses for her sisters. It is necessary to put every detail correctly in its place. The child must name what geometric shapes he used to repair the dress.
Complication. You can divide the parts in half and offer to cut out the patches yourself.
4. Didactic game “Mend your boots”
Age 4-5 years
Target: be able to correlate geometric shapes with “holes”.
Equipment: silhouettes of boots with “holes” and geometric shapes: circle, square, oval, triangle, rectangle.
Methodology:
The teacher draws the children's attention to the boots: the shoemaker needs help, the boots are leaky, they need to be repaired: find the right patch and put it on the corresponding hole.
The child takes a geometric figure, names it, selects where it fits. The teacher checks the correctness of execution.
5. Didactic game “Settle the guests”
Age 4-5 years
Target: consolidate the ability to distinguish geometric shapes (circle, oval, triangle, rectangle, square)
Equipment: card diagram and a set of small toys.
Methodology:
The teacher offers to move the guests to a new home. Children, as directed by the teacher, place toys on the corresponding figures.
For example, a frog lives in a room with square windows, the child must put the frog toy on a circle, etc.
6. Didactic game “Tell what is shown in the picture”
Age 4-5 years
Target: consolidate the ability to see geometric shapes (circle, oval, triangle, rectangle, square) in the image of objects of the surrounding reality and name them.
Equipment: picture with images of objects made from geometric shapes.
Methodology:
The teacher invites the child to look at the picture and tell him what he sees in the picture and what geometric shapes the object consists of.
For example, the yellow sun is round, the clouds are oval shape etc.
7. Didactic game “Pick a pair of mittens”
Age 4-5 years
Target: consolidate the ability to distinguish geometric shapes (circle, oval, triangle, rectangle, square) and name them.
Equipment: mitten cards, with an image of an ornament of geometric shapes on them.
Methodology:
The teacher invites the child to help him choose a pair of mittens and tell him what patterns they are decorated with.
8. Didactic game “Hide and Seek”
Age 4-5 years
Goals:
*
* Develop logical thinking and analytical skills.
Equipment: card with an image; set of geometric shapes: circle, square, rectangle, triangle.
Methodology:
The teacher invites the child to look at the card and name which figures are depicted on the card. Notice that the geometric shapes are arranged in rows, some are hidden. The teacher suggests putting geometric shapes in place.
9. Didactic game “Decorate the napkin”
Age 4-5 years
Goals:
* Strengthen the ability to distinguish geometric shapes (circle, triangle, rectangle, square) and name them.
* Develop logical thinking and imagination.
Equipment: card 15x15; set of geometric shapes: circles, squares, rectangles, triangles and ovals.
Methodology:
The teacher invites the children to decorate napkins for their mothers with geometric shapes: whatever they want. Having completed the task, the child must tell what shapes he decorated the napkin with and where he placed them.
Games by size
1. Didactic game “Assemble a pyramid”
Age 4-5 years
Goals:
* Strengthen the ability to create an image of a pyramid of ovals of different sizes in descending order.
* Clarify the names of the colors.
Equipment: ovals of different colors and sizes.
Methodology:
The teacher asks the child to name the size of the ovals laid out on the table and their color, and make a pyramid.
2. Didactic game “Collect apples”
Age 4-5 years
Goals:
* Practice the ability to correlate objects with the desired size.
Equipment: a picture of an apple tree, apples of different sizes: large, smaller and the smallest, 3 baskets of different sizes.
Methodology:
The teacher asks a riddle:
Look into the autumn garden
Miracle - the balls are hanging.
Reddish, ripe side
Good for the kids.
On the table in front of the child, he lays out a picture of an apple tree with apples of different sizes, and clarifies whether the apples on the apple tree are the same size.
Shows the child the baskets, clarifies what size they are, and offers to collect the apples in the right baskets.
3. Didactic game “Clean up the kitchen”
Age 4-5 years
Goals:
* Strengthen the ability to distinguish the size of objects: large, smaller, smallest.
* Practice the ability to arrange objects from left to right in ascending and descending order.
Equipment: cards with images of dishes of different sizes: large, smaller and the smallest.
Methodology:
The teacher invites the children to look at the dishes that lie in front of them on the table, specifies the names, color and size.
He suggests putting things in order in the kitchen by arranging the dishes in descending and ascending order from left to right.
Children arrange the dishes and name them in descending and ascending order.
Logic games
1. Didactic game “Tale by Cell”
Age 5-6 years
Goals:
* Strengthen the ability to navigate on a sheet of paper by cells.
Equipment: card with cells, chips - pictures depicting objects.
Methodology:
The teacher invites the child to look at the card, clarifies the location of the numbers on it, and chips with images of objects, asking them to name who is depicted on them. The teacher explains the task; in order to get a fairy tale, you need to listen carefully and put the chips on the correct square.
The teacher begins to tell a fairy tale: “Once upon a time there was a girl Masha (4.3), she went for a walk in the forest (4.2). A bird was flying high in the sky (1,2). The sun was shining tenderly (1.4). In the clearing, Masha saw beautiful flowers (3.5). Soon Masha saw a beautiful butterfly (2.1). It’s nice in the forest in the summer.”
If the child completed the task correctly, then the result will be a fairy tale based on the cells.
There can be a lot of options for fairy tales, it all depends on you!
2. Didactic game “Dreamers”
Age 5-6 years
Goals:
* Strengthen the ability to build according to a scheme from the details of the game.
Equipment: schemes, game "Columbus Egg".
Methodology:
1 game option.
The teacher invites the children to go on a sea voyage, but to do this they need to build ships according to diagrams from game parts. Children build ships according to diagrams.
2 version of the game.
The teacher invites the children to go to magical forest and build animals and birds that can live in this forest from game parts.
Children come up with images of animals and birds.
3. Didactic game “Let’s grow flowers” (Dyenish Blocks)
Age 5-6 years
Goals:
* Consolidate knowledge about geometric shapes.
* Develop imaginative thinking and imagination.
Equipment: card-scheme - “Meadow with stems”, sets of geometric shapes: circles, squares, triangles, 5 pcs. red, blue and yellow; diagrams for the centers and petals of flowers, ready-made sample.
Methodology:
The teacher shows a diagram of the clearing:
- Guys, look, a disaster happened in the flower meadow: an evil sorceress bewitched the flowers and made them invisible. The magical land urgently needs your help, we need to disenchant the flowers.
Carefully examine the diagrams for the middles and place the correct geometric shapes. Now look at the patterns for the petals, be very careful, and lay out the petals in the desired geometric shapes.
The teacher offers a ready-made sample for testing. Evaluates children's activities in the game and praises those who have completed the task correctly. With those who find it difficult, the game is played individually again.
Schemes for petals.
Finished sample:
4. Didactic game “Riddles and guesses”
Age 5-6 years
Goals:
* Develop imaginative thinking and imagination.
* Practice the ability to lay out items from counting sticks according to a diagram.
Equipment: counting sticks for each child and chart cards.
Methodology:
The teacher reads the riddle and invites the children to use counting sticks to construct a solution based on a sketch map or a personal plan.
The palace floats on the waves, I’ll spin it around, spin it around, and fly into the heavens.
People are lucky on themselves. (helicopter)
(ship)
Glistening in a clean river
The back is silver.
5. Didactic game “Solve the problem”
Age 5-6 years
Goals:
* Develop imaginative thinking and imagination.
* Practice the ability to lay out numbers from beans.
Equipment: beans in a plate for each child.
Methodology:
The teacher suggests solving a poetry problem and posting the answer on the bean table.
One night, under a bush, Five crows sat on the roof,
The mushrooms have grown again. And they even flew to them.
Two mushrooms, three mushrooms. Answer quickly and boldly
How much will? Exactly...(five) How many of them arrived? (seven)
PRACTICAL PART
Did Activity games for the development of elementary mathematical concepts
Here is a selection of games that will help develop memory, attention, and imagination of children of primary preschool age.
Games for fixing geometric shapes.
Guidelines: games are intended for children of primary preschool age. They can be used in the morning for both individual work and independent activity of children.
1. "Domino"
Goal: to teach children to find one specific figure among many and name it. The game reinforces knowledge about geometric shapes.
Stimulus material: 28 cards, each half depicts one or another geometric figure (circle, square, triangle, rectangle, oval, polygon). The “take” cards depict two identical figures; the seventh “double” consists of two empty halves.
The cards are laid out face down on the table. After explaining the rules to the child, the game begins by laying out the “double-blank” card. As in a regular domino, in one move the child selects and places one required card at either end of the “track” and names the figure. If the player does not have the required figure on the card, he looks for a picture with this figure from the total number of cards. If the child does not name the piece, he does not have the right to make another move. The winner is the one who gets rid of the cards first
2. "Unravel the confusion"
Goal: to teach children to freely use objects for their intended purpose.
Material: toys, differently designed, that can be grouped (dolls, animals, cars, feasts, balls, etc.).
All toys are placed on the table in a certain order. The child turns away, and the leader changes the location of the toys. The child must notice the confusion, remember how it was before, and restore the previous order.
First, for example, swap a blue cube with a red one. Then complicate the task: put the doll to sleep under the bed, cover the ball with a blanket. Once a child gets the hang of it, he can create confusion himself, inventing the most incredible situations.
3. “Pick a Pair”
Goal: to teach children to compare objects by shape, size, color, purpose.
Material: geometric shapes or thematic selections of images of different objects that can be combined in pairs (apples of different colors, large and small, baskets of different sizes or houses of different sizes and the same bears, dolls and clothes, cars, houses, etc.). d.).
Depending on what kind of stimulus material you have, the child is presented with a problem: help the doll get dressed, help him harvest, etc.
Toys thank the child for a well-chosen pair
4. “Help Fedora”
Goal: to form and develop color vision in children. Teach them to correlate the colors of dissimilar objects.
Stimulus material: cards with images of cups and handles of different colors.
“Guys, poor Grandma Fedora’s cups were all broken in her house. Their handles broke off, and now she won’t be able to drink her favorite tea with raspberry jam from them. Let's help Grandma Fedora glue her cups. But to do this, you need to carefully look at these cards with pictures of cups and find pens that match the color.” If a child finds it difficult to complete this task, show him how to look for paired cards. Then they complete this task independently.
5. “Find objects of similar color”
Goal: to train the child in matching objects by color and generalizing them based on color.
Stimulus material: various postal items, toys of five shades of each color (cup, saucer, threads; clothes for dolls: dress, shoes, skirt; toys: flag, bear, ball, etc.).
Toys are placed on two tables placed side by side. The child is given an object or toy. He must independently select all the shades of this color for the color of his toy, compare them and try to name the color.
6. “Find an object of the same shape”
Goal: to teach the child to identify specific objects from the environment by shape, using geometric patterns.
Stimulus material: geometric shapes (circle, square, oval, triangle, rectangle), round-shaped objects (balls, balls, buttons), square-shaped objects (cubes, scarf, cards), triangular-shaped objects (building material, flag, book) , oval shape (egg, cucumber).
Arrange geometric shapes and objects into two piles. The child is asked to carefully examine the object. Then we show the child a figure (it’s good if the child names it) and ask him to find an object of the same shape. If he makes a mistake, invite the child to first trace the figure with his finger, and then the object.
7. "Magic Circles"
Goal: to continue teaching the child to identify specific objects by shape.
Stimulus material: a sheet of paper with circles of the same size drawn on it (ten circles in total).
“Let's look carefully at this sheet. What do you see on it? What figure is drawn on a piece of paper? Now close your eyes and imagine a circle.”
8. “Lay out the ornament”
Goal: to teach the child to identify the spatial arrangement of geometric shapes, to reproduce exactly the same arrangement when laying out an ornament.
Stimulus material: 5 geometric figures cut out of colored paper, 5 each (25 pieces in total), cards with ornaments.
“Look at the ornaments in front of us. Think and name the figures you see here. Now try to lay out the same ornament from the cut out geometric shapes.”
Then the next card is offered. The task remains the same. The game is over when the child has laid out all the ornaments shown on the card.
9. "Game with circles"
Goal: to teach children to denote in words the relationships of objects by size (“largest”, “smaller”, “more”).
Stimulus material: three circles (drawn and cut out of paper) of different sizes.
It is suggested that you look carefully at the circles, lay them out in front of you, and trace them on paper along the contour. Next, the child is asked to compare 2 circles, then the other 2 circles. Try to have your child name the size of all three circles.
10. "Balls"
Goal: to develop and consolidate the ability to establish relationships between elements in size (larger - smaller, thicker, longer, shorter).
Stimulus material: a set of five sticks, evenly decreasing in length and width, a set of five circles, which are also evenly decreasing in accordance with the sticks.
“Let's see what happens. On the street, kind grandfather Fedot was selling balloons. How beautiful they are! Everyone liked it. But suddenly, out of nowhere, a wind rose up, so strong that all of Grandfather Fedot’s balls came off their sticks and scattered in all directions. For a whole week, kind neighbors brought back the balls they found. But here's the problem! Grandfather Fedot cannot understand which stick was attached to which ball. Let's help him! "
First, together with the child, chopsticks are laid out on the table in size from the longest and thickest to the shortest and thinnest. Then, using the same method, the “balls” are laid out - from largest to smallest.
12. "Smart Guest"
Goal: to develop the ability to examine the shape of objects, give and understand their complex description.
Stimulus material: children's plastic dishes, bag.
The toys are examined by the participants and then put into a bag. The child sits with his back to the players. They take turns coming up to him, tapping him on the shoulder and saying: “Anya needs something like this, but I won’t tell you what it’s called, but I’ll explain to you what it is... (And then follows a description of the object. For example, a cup: “round, with convex sides, low, narrow at the bottom, wider at the top, and a handle at the side”).
When the child finds the desired object by touch, he takes it out of the bag; Next, it is assessed whether the task was completed correctly.
13. "Merry Man"
Goal: to develop in children the ability to divide a certain figure into elements (geometric figures) and, conversely, from individual elements corresponding to geometric patterns, to compose objects of a certain given shape.
Stimulus material: geometric shapes (1 triangle, 1 semicircle, 1 rectangle, 2 ovals, 4 narrow rectangles, drawing of a “Jolly Man”).
“Today a cheerful little man came to visit us. Look how funny he is! Let’s try to make the same little man out of the geometric figures that lie on the table.”
14. "Sticks"
Goal: To teach children the sequential arrangement of elements of different sizes.
Stimulus material: 10 sticks (wooden or cardboard) of different lengths (from 2 to 20 cm). Each subsequent stick differs in size by 2 cm from the previous one. To complete this task correctly, each time you need to take the longest strip of those that you see in front of you. We use this rule and lay out the sticks in a row. But if a mistake is made at least once, be it rearranging elements or trying on sticks, the game ends.
15. “Find a house”
Goal: to form a targeted visual perception of the form.
Stimulus material: two sets of geometric figures, six figures in each set. Three of these
figures (square, circle, triangle) are basic, and the other three (trapezoid, oval, rhombus) are additional. Additional figures are necessary to distinguish and correctly select the main figures. You also need outline images of each figure on separate cards (the outlines can be cut out to make “do-miki windows”). Each set of stimulus material includes six to eight cards with the outlines of each figure. Cards can be painted in different colors.
Children are shown three basic shapes (circle, square, triangle). Then a card with an image of one figure (for example, a triangle) is shown. “What kind of figure do you think lives in this house? Let’s think together and “place” the right figure here. Now, guys, let's all play together. You see, there are different figures on two tables (two children are called). Here are the cards for you. What figures live in these houses? After the task is completed, two more identical cards are given. If the child finds it difficult to complete the task, he is asked to trace the “frame” of the figure with his finger, then draw its outline in the air, which will make it easier to reproduce the shape.
16. “Show me the same”
Goal: to teach the child to build an image of an object of a given size.
Stimulus material: geometric shapes (square, circle, triangle, oval, hexagon) of different sizes. The number of sets of geometric shapes depends on the number of children. The set requires 3-4 variants of each figure. “I have the same figures. I show you a figure, and you must find the same one in your set. Be very careful!”
After the children find and show a figure, the presenter “fits” their choice to his figure. If the child is convinced of a mistake, he is allowed to correct it himself by replacing the selected figure with another.
17. “What did the doll bring us?”
Goal: to teach the child to determine the shape of an object by touch and name it.
Stimulus material: a doll, a bag, all kinds of small toys, which should be noticeably different from each other and depict objects familiar to children (cars, cubes, toy dishes, animal toys, balls, etc.). It is advisable to thread an elastic band into the bag so that the child cannot look into it when looking for a toy.
"Guys! Today the doll Masha came to visit us. She brought toys for us. Do you want to know what the doll brought us? You need to take turns approaching the bag, but not look into it, but only choose a gift with your hands, then say what you chose, and only after that take it out of the bag and show it to everyone.”
After all the toys are pulled out of the bag, the game is repeated again. All the toys are returned and the children again take turns getting toys for themselves.
18. "Funny Balls"
Goal: to develop ideas about shape and color.
Stimulus material: drawing of balls (10-12 pieces) of oval and round shape, a flag.
“Look at the drawing. So many balls! Color the round balls blue, and the oval balls red. Draw strings for the balls so that they don’t fly away from the wind, and “tie them to the flag.”
19. “Find the shapes”
Goal: to develop visual perception of geometric shapes.
Stimulus material: drawings of geometric shapes.
“Look at these drawings. Find geometric shapes. Whoever finds the most pieces, and, most importantly, faster, wins.
Games for orientation in space and time for orientation on a sheet of paper.
20. “Where is it?”
Goal: to form spatial orientation on a sheet of paper.
Stimulus material: a white sheet of paper on which geometric shapes (oval, square, rectangle, triangle) of different colors are depicted. Geometric shapes can be replaced various images animals (bear, fox, hare, cow), modes of transport (ship, plane, car, Kamaz), toys, etc. The figures are located in the corners, a circle is drawn in the middle.
“Look carefully at the drawing and tell me where is the circle drawn?, oval?, square?, triangle?, rectangle?
Show me what is drawn to the right of the circle?, to the left of the circle?
What is shown in the upper right corner?, in the lower left corner?
What is drawn above the circle?, below the circle?
21. "Left - Right"
Goal: to teach children to navigate in space, in their own body.
“Guys, listen carefully to the poem:
V. Berestov
A student stood at a fork in the road
Where is the right
Where is the left?
He couldn't understand.
But suddenly the student
Scratched my head
With the same hand
To whom he wrote,
And he threw the ball
And I flipped through the pages,
And he held the spoon
And he swept the floors.
"Victory!" - rang out
A jubilant cry.
Where is the right
Where is the left?
The student found out!
How did the student know where the right is and where the left is? Which hand did the student scratch his head with? Show me, where is your right hand? Left hand?
22. "Bunny"
Goal: to teach children to navigate in space, in their own body. Children, listening to the poem, do the following exercises:
Bunny, bunny - white side,
Where do you live, our friend?
Along the path, along the edge,
If we go to the left,
This is where my home is.
Stomp your right foot
Stomp your left foot
Again with the right foot,
Again with the left foot. * * *
Gray bunny sitting
And he wiggles his ears,
It's cold for the bunny to sit
Need to warm up your paws:
Paws up
Paws down
Get up on your toes!
We put our paws on the side,
On the socks
Skok - skok - skok.
And now squat down,
So that your paws don't freeze!
23. “Where?”
Goal: to teach how to navigate in space.
Stimulus material: on a white sheet of paper there is an image of cars and trees (Fig. 11).
“Look carefully at the drawing. Show me which cars go to the right and which ones go to the left? Look closely at the trees. Which way do you think the wind is blowing?
24. “What happened?”
Goal: to develop the skill of spatial orientation on a sheet of paper, counting cells and lines.
“Move back from the top of the sheet into a cell four cells down and from the left edge of the sheet - three cells to the right, put a dot in the corner of the cell. I will tell you how to draw the lines, and you listen carefully and draw as I dictate.
For example: one cell to the right, one cell down, one cell to the left, one cell up.
What happened? The result is a square. This is the easiest and simplest task. Let's play on. You will have more difficult tasks, and if you are careful and do not make mistakes in completing my tasks, then you will get the drawing that I had in mind.
For example: one cell down, one cell right, two cells down, one right, one down, one right, one up, one cell right, two up, one right, one up, one right , one - down, one - to the right, two - down, one - to the right, one - down, one to the right, one - up, one - to the right, two - up, one - to the right, one - up.”
Games for the mathematical development of middle preschool children
Game "Correct Score".
Goals: help in mastering the order of numbers in the natural series; strengthen forward and backward counting skills.
: ball.
Description: Children stand in a circle. Before starting, they agree in what order (direct or reverse) they will count. Then they throw the ball and call the number. The one who caught the ball continues the count by throwing the ball to the next player.
Game "Who's Where".
Target: learn to distinguish the position of objects in space (in front, behind, between, in the middle, on the right, on the left, below, above).
Game material and visual aids: toys.
Description: place toys in different places in the room. Ask the child which toy is in front, behind, next to, far, etc. Ask what is on top, what is below, on the right, on the left, etc.
Game "A lot and a little."
Target: help to understand the concepts of “many”, “few”, “one”, “several”, “more”, “less”, “equally”.
Description: ask the child to name single objects or objects that are many (few). For example: there are many chairs, one table, many books, few animals. Place cards of different colors in front of the child. Let there be 9 green cards and 5 red cards. Ask which cards are more and which are fewer. Add 4 more red cards. What can we say now?
Game "Guess the number."
Goals: help prepare children for basic mathematical operations of addition and subtraction; help consolidate the skills of determining the previous and subsequent numbers within the first ten.
Description: ask, for example, which number is greater than three but less than five; what number is less than three but greater than one, etc. Think of, for example, a number within ten and ask the child to guess it. The child names different numbers, and the teacher says whether the number named is greater or less than the intended one. Then you can switch roles with your child.
Game "Counting Mosaic".
Goals: introduce numbers; learn to match quantities with numbers.
Game material and visual aids: counting sticks.
Description: Together with your child, make up numbers or letters using counting sticks. Invite the child to place the corresponding number of counting sticks next to the given number.
Game "Dot Traveler".
Goals: introduce the basics of writing numbers; develop fine motor skills.
Game material and visual aids me: checkered notebook, pen.
Description: The teacher sits down at the table, puts the notebook down correctly, and shows the child how to hold a pen correctly. Offers to play dot-traveler. To do this, you need to invite the child to put a dot in the upper right corner of the cell, then in the fourth cell of the left corner at the bottom of the notebook, etc.
Game "Reading and counting".
Goals: help to understand the concepts of “many”, “little”, “one”, several”, “more”, “less”, “equally”, “as much”, “as much”; develop the ability to compare objects by size.
Game material and visual aids: counting sticks.
Description: When reading a book to a child, ask him to put aside as many counting sticks as, for example, there were animals in the fairy tale. After counting how many animals there are in the fairy tale, ask who there were more, who were fewer, and who were the same. Compare toys by size: who is bigger - a bunny or a bear? Who is smaller? Who is the same height?
02.06.2016 Viktoria Soldatova
I greet all parents who care about the development of their children in an interactive way. Today we will discuss math games for preschoolers. At the same time, we will touch on their different options. It has been said more than once that all children are individual, which is why you, dear parents, need to choose the type of game that will interest your preschooler. After all, only passion for an activity will give an incentive to the development of mathematical abilities.
- Didactic
- Movable
- Tabletop
Let's remember what a game is and why it is so important for our children. It involves two or more players who use their wits, build strategies, while following the rules. The final result depends on the behavior and application of knowledge of all players in these areas. In addition to being entertaining, such games have a very serious educational function. In adult life Mathematical games are used in such professions as economist, politician, lawyer. I highly recommend reading about game theory on Wikipedia.
By organizing children's lives through play, parents develop the multifaceted personality of the preschooler. In this way, children learn new things, learn to focus, develop memory, Creative skills, logical thinking, imagination.
Didactic math games for preschoolers
Mathematical thinking can be developed from early childhood. There are many game ways to do this, one of which is didactic games. They contain: the task, the action according to the rules, the result. The tasks become more difficult according to age. If at 2 years old you show a child a logical chain of 2 objects, then an older preschooler at 5 years old can build it from 4-5 objects. Conditions similar games– fulfillment of educational goals and their implementation in an interactive environment.
Didactic game – Geometric mosaic
It has been living with us for a very long time, but does not lose its relevance. You can prepare such material yourself; you will need to cut out many different geometric shapes from colored paper. Then prepare cards with objects recognizable to the child. Laminate both.
At first, the child simply copies what he sees in the finished drawing, while learning to compare details by shape and color, and training attentiveness. Then he begins to fantasize himself and can already create his own images without relying on a sample. Now imagination and visual-figurative thinking are turned on. In both cases, fine motor skills develop.
Photo source maam.ru Our didactic geometric mosaic is purchased. It is stored in a convenient suitcase, all parts are wooden with a magnet on the back. Thus, my preschooler can collect stories not only on the walls of the suitcase, but also on a magnetic board hanging on the wall. Attached are cards with 50 images of different levels. This simple cup can be assembled at the beginner level.
Today my son is 5 years 7 months old and sometimes he still wants to work from a pattern using more complex models. But more often he can be found assembling his own drawing. The beauty of such a purchase is not only the compactness of storage and the confidence that parts will not be lost. But it’s also possible to bring what you’ve collected to your parents and show what you’ve done.
If the mother takes a direct part in the lessons, then in the process of unobtrusively naming the figures, the child will definitely learn them. Together you can create a fairy tale from the resulting characters. You can read more about it in a separate article. Over time, try playing “Guess what it is.” The preschooler assembles the drawing independently, and the parent must guess what is depicted on it. Create masterpieces one by one. It’s even more interesting if little guests come, then entertainment is guaranteed for everyone.
I purchased our set from Amazon, it was released by the company Imaginets. This is a really high quality product. But if you do not live outside of Russia, you can look at similar mosaics in online stores. Pay attention to the variety of geometric shapes and the presence of cards with samples.
Didactic game - What is wrong?
You can play it like the previous ones magnetic figures, also with volumetric ones. The teaching material can be any toys in the set, counting bears of different colors, natural materials - cones and acorns, for example. It’s better to play with several children so that there is a competitive effect, then it really turns out to be fun. The players turn away, the parent quickly places a logical chain in which the move is broken. This may be a figure of a different type, a different color, its absence in the logical chain, or, conversely, its excessive presence. On command, players turn and quickly pronounce the mistake they see. The one who identifies it more times wins.
It’s better to agree in advance to what score to play, we usually compete until 10, and then we want a repeat. Alexander competes with dad, and I establish logical chains. What does this children's didactic game develop:
- Attentiveness;
- fast response;
- vocabulary (you need to accurately express your thoughts);
- knowledge of the exact names of geometric shapes or colors (depending on the chosen option).
My blog has already described the most interesting mathematical games with didactic materials which I made with my own hands, in the article.
Outdoor math games for preschoolers
Movement is important for all children, but it is vitally important for middle and older preschoolers. And if girls can sit quietly and assemble a mosaic within 15-30 minutes, then this is simply not given to boys by nature. Therefore, when planning mathematical games for preschoolers, I could not ignore such an important type of games as moving games. Observing children, I can say that such activities bring pleasure to both boys and girls.
My regular readers are already familiar with Estella, Alexander’s girlfriend, who comes to visit us on Mondays. I always try to organize leisure time for the guys and offer them my games when I see a break in theirs. Children gladly accept offers to play; I participate in these entertainments only as a commentator and referee.
Outdoor game – Collect the right item
We needed:
- 4 chairs;
- several types of geometric shapes;
- 2 containers to put in.
I played this mathematical outdoor game on the terrace. I placed four chairs in pairs from each other at a decent distance. At one end she laid out geometric shapes, at the other she placed containers for the trophies she brought. Explained the rules of the game to the children:
Each person has geometric shapes on their chair, 8 of each. I took them in my hands and we named the species - this needs to be done to make sure that all the players know them. Children stand near the chairs with baskets, on the count of 3 they run to the chair with the figures and take only one of the given ones. They return to put it in the container and so on until they have collected all 8 pieces. The one who collects first wins.
So, I prepared: squares, circles, cylinders, triangles, rectangles, cubes. I chose all the objects from existing toys, trying to ensure that the geometric figure was immediately recognizable. Three types of figures were placed on each child’s chair. In the first round, it was proposed to move Alexander - a square and Estella - a triangle into the basket. In the second, a circle and a rectangle, and at the end the remaining cylinder and cube. At the end, players no longer need to choose the correct piece, but the excitement of active competition continues to be present.
If you are sure that your preschoolers are familiar with three-dimensional geometric shapes, then the game can be complicated by choosing only them. You can also select objects that are similar to a certain shape. For example, a spatula or a plastic tree resembling a triangle, a ball - a sphere, a flask for experiments - a cylinder. Look around and I'm sure you will find suitable items.
Outdoor game – Connect the dots with the numbers
In terms of style, it is similar to the previous one. But in this case, players need to place a card with a number on a card with the same number of dots. We still have the “Mathematics from the Diaper” set from the Umnitsa company, and that’s what I used. These cards are easy to make yourself, since you only need a small amount of them. The dots can be added by hand or by sticking sticky circles, like on discounted products.
Such active mathematical games for preschoolers develop knowledge of numbers, their comparison with quantities, attentiveness, competitiveness and the desire to win. Estella was prepared with a set of cards from 0 to 10, Alexander from 20 to 30. It immediately became clear that the girl had difficulty with zero, and the boy could not quickly identify a large number of points by eye. It was not difficult to explain the concept of zero, but for Alexander I had to replace cards from 11 to 21. The children played 4 times, the score was 2:2.
To post large cards with the dots, we moved into the apartment. By moving the dining table to the side, we managed to get a 4-meter run-up. The two mathematical games I described gave the children the opportunity not only to move around, but it was also clear that they perceived them as entertainment.
Math board games for preschoolers
I will describe just a few of the math board games that we have available and are worth checking out. What are they good for? Firstly, board games captivate all family members, which means they are more likely to spend time together. Secondly, they do not need to be prepared, like those I wrote about above. Thirdly, they are aimed at developing various aspects: knowledge of the composition of numbers, the ability to add numbers, and develop logic.
To complete the story about children’s games in our home, I’ll write right away about the floor game. Although if you have a long table, then it can also become a tabletop. Richard Scarry's Busytown- this is its name and of course it will be loved by children who are familiar with the books of this author: City of Good Deeds, A book about cars, A book about good behavior. The age category of players is 3+, I absolutely agree with this, but older preschool children also enjoy playing it. I purchased it from Amazon, if you enter the name into a Russian search engine, you will see this math game for children on the Russian market.
I would say that this is the first step in counting, since here players, after scrolling the arrow, need to take a certain number of steps towards the goal. The children develop the ability to play by the rules, take turns, and attentiveness - this is one of the main factors here; they get acquainted with hourglass. The bottom line is this:
Players choose characters from their favorite books, there are 4 of them in total. They take turns turning the arrow and, depending on when it stops, they take actions: they count steps, make decisions on choosing a road, and look for the indicated object. The characters move to the island on which the picnic with food is located. There are piglets on the island, which are known to be very voracious. If the arrow stops at the pig, then one of the dishes is “eaten” by the opponents. The goal is to arrive on the island before the piglets eat everything.
The unusual thing about the game is that there is no losing player here, since they are playing against piglets. It's a team win or lose. You have probably noticed, dear parents, that preschoolers find it difficult to lose. Many children cry and even refuse to participate. In this case, this does not happen. I will note one more plus: when the arrow falls on the Golden Beetle with a Magnifying Glass, you need to take one card from the deck, which depicts the search object. The hourglass turns over and the children begin to look for the indicated objects in the city. This is great for developing attentiveness, and if you are studying English language, this will serve as excellent practice, since the pictures on the cards are signed in English.
Continuing the theme of kids who don’t like to lose, I’ll tell you about this wonderful board game. I bought it when the child was 4.5 years old. The recommendation of 6+ did not bother me, since Alexander had long ago mastered counting within ten. We had played several board games before and never had a similar situation with any of them. But this one develops not only addition within ten, to be precise up to 9, but also quick reaction and attentiveness. The child could not count as quickly as I did, and giving in does not make any educational sense. After several losses, he cried and began to refuse to participate. I had to pause, then explain that if something doesn’t work out as we would like, then it can only be improved through practice.
Our version of the box is above in the photo and it is absolutely identical to the Russian one. As a result, after 2-3 months Alexander reached a fantastic level of addition within 9 and began to beat me! The attached bell makes a fascinating impression on children, we began to use it in the Fructo 10 set, which will be described below. Definitely, speaking about mathematical games for preschoolers, Halli Gali is in the leading place in the practice of addition, bringing it to automatism.
Very similar to the previous one, but they are perceived completely differently. There can be from 2 to 5 players, the meaning comes down to the same: find the number 10 as quickly as possible by adding. Options for playing by color and type of fruit depicted are allowed. In Fructo 10 it is not possible to work as fast as in Halli Galli. The intense work of the mind in this the game is on not only to find numbers and add them, but also to sort fruits by type, and there are 4 of them in each picture. What did my preschooler learn by playing this board game– get 10 by adding several numbers. For example: 2+2+6 or 3+4+3. Such calculations need to be done faster than the opponent and my son beats me!
This set was released by the company “Gang of Smarties”. Having analyzed both mathematical addition games, I will advise starting with Halli Galli and introducing . Which, although recommended for children 7+, has many options, so it is ideal for older preschoolers.
Board game Kalah of the Mancala family
I confess that in our family they simply call her Mancala. This is a logic-mathematical game for two players, which is perfect for preschoolers and schoolchildren. I bought it because of the wooden box, imagining what educational activities I could organize with it. But when I came home and understood the rules, I realized that its use would be for its intended purpose. It develops logic, strategy building, and thinking ahead. There are no random winners in it; if you make a mistake with the calculation, you lose. Dad and Alexander get into it very often - they both liked it. The husband sees the potential and deep meaning of the game.
It somewhat reminds me of Backgammon, but you don’t need to roll dice here. Be sure to read about the history of Mancala; people could not have been mistaken for centuries. I don’t recommend purchasing 2-in-1 parodies; take the classic Kalah. If you don't find it in a wooden box, there is more cardboard version, it will be many times cheaper.
Well, dear friends, I hope that the mathematical games I described for preschoolers will be useful to you in the development of your children. And tabletop ones will help you spend time together with your family in a fun and useful way. Let me remind you that I have already described our games with . If you liked the article, share it with your friends on social media. networks. Please do not copy the entire text, it is better to use the buttons below.
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Tatiana
June 3, 2016 at 05:17
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June 3, 2016 at 05:21
Lyudmila Vlasova
June 3, 2016 at 06:57
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