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Identification smart cards. Ukrainians will be able to exchange current passports for new ID-cards

Today, a passport of a citizen of Belarus is a document that has a familiar appearance, with seals, registration stamps, signatures. And biometrics is a personality identification technology that uses the physiological parameters of a person: fingerprints, the iris of the eye, and so on. Such data is more difficult to fake.

For example, in Ukraine, biometric passports have been issued since 2015, and ID cards since 2016. Why do we talk all the time about two different documents - a passport and an ID card?

It's simple: one is needed for crossing the border, the other for use within the country. But the data is stored on both media exactly the same. Except that biometric passports will be used to obtain visas.

But the new document will differ more seriously from the current Belarusian passport. It must have a built-in special microcircuit containing a photograph of the owner, his usual data (last name, first name, patronymic, date of birth, passport number, date of issue and expiration date) and special biometric information. In our case, these will be fingerprints.

ID card will receive exactly the same set of information about the holder. The Ministry of Internal Affairs does not exclude that over time, the need for biometric passports will disappear and only a card will remain, by which it will be possible to travel abroad. But it is still too early to talk about it. As a matter of fact, there are still disputes in the Government about whether it is necessary to introduce biometrics at all. But the Ministry of Internal Affairs has a tough position on this issue, which its representatives defend in every working group, in any discussion of the project launched just six months ago.

The Department of Citizenship and Migration plans to issue about a million ID-cards per year. And you will still need about 500-600 thousand biometric passports, since they will only be needed by those who travel abroad. So you can order and pay for the production of the second document at will.

The first document with electronic information is going to be issued in the fourth quarter of 2018, that is, in a year and a half.

Biometric passport, like the usual one, it will be made on a paper basis, but it will still be more durable. Outwardly, the new passport will be no different. The same blue cover. Only a special icon will be added on it.

At the same time, one significant innovation will be introduced - it will be possible to simultaneously obtain two identical biometric passports. This will facilitate the procedure for obtaining new visas. While one of the passports is at the consulate, the second one can safely travel abroad.

That is, at the end of 2018 we will be able to have two passports and a national card. By the way, citizen's ID-cards will be made on a plastic basis. They will somewhat resemble the current driver's licenses.

True, they are not going to combine the two documents, since in this way a problem with the deprivation of drivers' rights may arise. Only such cards will still have a chip, like the covers of new passports. Documents will be issued from birth. Up to 14 years old - for 5 years, and after 14 - for 10 years.

The place of registration will not be indicated on the ID-card - only on the chip. This will be done in order not to change the card every time after moving to a new apartment. Now the Department of Citizenship and Migration of the Ministry of Internal Affairs is preparing to modernize its offices, where they will take fingerprints and photographs. Passports will be issued only there. And all the information on personalization will be in Minsk.

That is, all data about each citizen of the country will be collected in a single database. And while all the nuances of the introduction of the new technology are being coordinated, there are suggestions that in the future the ID-card will become not just an identity card, but also a means of payment.

But everything will depend on the banks' readiness for this. Perhaps they will also be able to agree that the recently created Interbank Identification System is integrated with the passport system, which will facilitate the receipt of financial services.

Finally, Ukraine has begun issuing new passports in the form of an ID-card. Since January 2016, a campaign has been launched to replace old passports with a civil passport with biometric data - ID passport... According to the information of the migration service of Ukraine, over the next five years, the old civil passports will be completely replaced with new ID-cards.

The new passport in the form of an ID-card is a plastic card with biometric information recorded on a chip. Receive ID card everyone will be able to. The contact information on the card contains all the same data as in the paper civil passport.

Assistance in paperwork for residents of any regions of Ukraine

Visa processing Reviews Contacts

What are biometric documents and what are they for?

The main differences between the new passport and the old one are: compactness, durability and security. If your ID-card is stolen or lost, no one will be able to use your data. An ID passport is very difficult to forge, and in the presence of an electronic data carrier, it is almost impossible. After all, your biometric data, and in this case it is fingerprints, will be simply impossible to forge.

The term "biometric" means the presence of special information about a person on an electronic medium and is inaccessible either to the holder of the passport, or for copying remotely. Examples of biometrics include fingerprints, iris. Now many people have begun to switch to biometric foreign passports, which in the future will make it possible to cross the border of other states much faster and more comfortably.

What are the benefits of biometric documents for Ukrainian citizens?

An internal civil passport with biometric information will also speed up the passage of a number of domestic procedures. A gradual transition from passports in the form of a book to passports in the form of an ID-card will significantly reduce the number of criminal and fraudulent transactions with documents. After all, the main advantage of such passports is their high security against counterfeiting.

Now in the world many countries have switched and are switching to passport IDs. It is assumed that the new type of passports will reduce crime and minimize terrorism around the world.

The company "Passport and Visa Partner" provides consulting and information services for the registration of both biometric foreign passports and new civil passports in the form of an ID-card.

The prefix "Smart" (intellectual) card has received a reason. Having the appearance of an ordinary plastic credit card, it contains an integrated circuit that gives it the ability to store and process information.

Identification cards are classified according to the following criteria:

type of microcircuit;
way of reading information;
compliance;
application area.

Types of ID cards

Depending on the built-in microcircuit, all smart cards are divided into several main types, radically different in their functions:

memory cards;
microprocessor cards;
cards with cryptographic logic.

Memory cards are designed to store information. Memory on these types of cards can be free to access or contain logic to control access to the memory of the card to restrict read and write operations.

Microprocessor cards are also designed to store information, but unlike regular cards memory, they contain a special program or a small operating system, which allows you to transform data according to a certain algorithm, to protect information stored on the card during transmission, reading and writing.

Cryptographic Logic Cards are used in information security systems to take direct part in the process of data encryption or the generation of cryptographic keys, electronic digital signatures and other necessary information for the operation of the system.

Summary table of some types of ID cards

Memory size (EEPROM), Byte	Memory cards			Microprocessor cards
	PIN protection record code		Active authentication, countdown counter	IC, PIN, 3DES, ISO 7816-3, 5 APP codes, file structure, active authentication
	Two-byte	Three-byte



				ACOS-2 (3) 8K / 16K / 24K / 32K

Methods for reading information from an identification card

According to the method of reading information, identification cards are divided into the following:

Contact;
Contactless RFID;
Dual interface.

Contact identification cards interact with the reader by contacting the metal contact area of the card with the reader's contacts. This method of reading is easy to implement, but increases wear on the card with frequent use.

A contact smart card has three parts:

Contact area
- 6 or 8 pins, square or oval;
- Contact positions are made in accordance with the ISO-7816 standard;
Chip (microprocessor card);
Plastic base.

Contactless cards have a built-in inductance coil, which in the electromagnetic field of the reader provides power to the microcircuit that issues information radio signals. This method of reading allows you to frequently use the card without wearing out the card itself and the reader.

Dual interface cards have both a contact pad and a built-in inductor. Such cards allow working with different types of readers.

ID card standards

For identification cards, there are several international standards that define almost all properties of cards, ranging from sizes, properties and types of plastic and ending with the content of information on the card, work protocols and data formats.

Standard ISO-7816"Identification cards - cards with a microcircuit with contacts." Consists of six parts regulating physical characteristics, size and arrangement of contacts, signals and protocols, file structure, addressing and exchange commands);

Standard EMV(Europay, MasterCard & Visa). The 1st and 2nd parts are based on ISO-7816, the subsequent ones add definitions of transaction processing, terminal specifications, etc.

Scope of identification cards

Practically in any field of activity for smart cards can be found application. Some of the main uses today are:

Telephony: Call payment cards for payphones, GSM cards in mobile phones;
Finance: Various banking transactions, payment for goods and services, credit and debit cards, cards for accruing scholarships, salaries and pensions, etc .;
Transport: Maps for public transport and metro;
Healthcare: Medical cards of patients, insurance policies;
Security: Differentiation of access to premises, computer systems, user identification, etc .;
Customer cards: Loyalty programs (accrual of discounts, bonuses, etc.)

Payment cards

Payment cards are plastic cards that are issued by enterprises for settlements in the trade and service network. Payment cards are used where it is not possible or necessary to provide the buyer with interactive access to his bank account. Another name for payment cards is prepaid.

The information on the card is stored in two main ways:

Using microprocessors, the so-called "smart cards". They have a built-in microchip, it transmits information that is read and processed by the card reader. These plastic cards are also called "proximity cards".

The next option for storing data on prepaid cards is the application of a scratch-off panel with an erasable layer. A feature of a scratch card is the presence of secret data under this layer (login and password of an Internet provider, a pin code for replenishing electronic wallets, etc.), which allows you to access the corresponding service, paid for by purchasing a card. The information on the card is covered with a special erasable strip - a scratch-panel, the fact of removal or damage of which is equivalent to the activation of the service.

Club ID Cards

Club cards have proved to be excellent as image identification tools, confirming the membership of this club. The club ID card indicates that its owner belongs to this club and provides him with certain discounts, bonuses and rights. Club cards identify members of various clubs, VIP guests (V.I.P) of restaurants, shops, service centers, discos, recreation centers, etc. To the owners of these plastic cards various services and benefits are usually provided in accordance with the internal policy of the firm. With the help of club cards, you can also organize non-cash payments within a given company, club.

Advertising and information cards

A plastic card is one of the tools with which a company can create a certain required and desirable image in the eyes of customers. The plastic can be used to make cards with an interesting advertising offer, information about sales and seasonal discounts, calendars with addresses and phone numbers of the company.

These cards can be used not only as carriers of advertising information, but also as an interesting and beautiful souvenir. These plastic cards can be used for various advertising campaigns, for example, at new product launches, or when opening new stores.

Advertising and information cards are becoming an increasingly high-quality carrier of information about the goods and services offered to the buyer, especially if they offer discounts, interesting offers or other conditions that are useful and beneficial for buyers and potential customers.

Insurance plastic cards (policies)

Insurance Policies - Plastic cards are an excellent substitute for paper policies. Usually, plastic cards with a "smart card" chip, magnetic stripe, barcode, signature strip or other personalization are used as insurance policies. This plastic card usually contains the policy number, personal information about the owner of the card, data on the purpose of the insurance program and the period of insurance. The plastic card may also contain all the necessary information about the actions of the holder of this card in the event of a particular insurance situation. In addition, a plastic insurance policy can also be a discount card at the same time - it can offer the possibility of obtaining a discount in companies united by a mutual agreement.

A plastic insurance policy is a high-quality and durable way of storing information. Its no less important advantage is the possibility of using it in electronic, automated accounting systems, these systems help the insurance company to collect and accumulate various valuable statistical information and analyze the work in order to improve and optimize the services provided.

Identification plastic cards

Plastic cards with photographs and personal data of the owner of the card have become a standard in developed countries and are increasingly used in Russia. Conventional paper forms of IDs and documents in the form of books are being systematically replaced with more functional, convenient, practical and durable plastic cards that have more significant levels of protection, both from counterfeiting and from unauthorized access to personal information.

Identification plastic cards are protected by a special coating against moisture, the applied image does not fade in sunlight, with age, the plastic card does not lose its shine, does not turn yellow, does not deform and does not become brittle, like a laminated cardboard card. The plastic can withstand a lot of flexion / extension. Plastic documents (identity card, badge) coated with a holographic, ultraviolet protective coating are incomparably harder to counterfeit than ordinary paper media. Identification plastic cards must comply with the international ISO standard and can have a magnetic stripe, embossing, microchip or other type of personalization.

After the production of a plastic identification card, it becomes impossible to correct or change the data on the card. The plastic ID card has excellent material durability, has a long shelf life, eliminates the possibility of counterfeiting, changing the shape or deleting certain data.

Discount plastic cards

Discount cards are actively used by trading companies - users of special discount systems. They establish and determine discounts, bonuses and benefits of organizations included in such systems, and it is also possible to use them within the same enterprise. A discount card is a sign of special attention and respect for your customer. She will provide him with discounts, interesting offers, bonuses, etc.

The use of discount cards in modern electronic trade automation systems helps the seller to obtain analytical information about customer preferences and to regulate and direct his own marketing strategy to promote the business in the right direction.

For the convenience of automating the process of accounting for discounts, bonuses, etc. discount cards usually made using different types personalization - with embossing, magnetic stripe, barcode or other information carriers.

A project open to public discussion, according to which ID-cards can be introduced instead of a passport for living and traveling within the country. By the end of April, the head of state will submit a draft for consideration.

Contrary to popular belief, ID cards will not replace passports and will not replace them. However, they will become a more technological analogue of the second passport (internal), which could appear after the recognition of the National biometric passport of a citizen overseas.

Where did they come from?

The idea of using ID cards is not new. In many countries, it has existed for about 50 years. The oldest of these is the ISIC International Student Identity, which has been issued since the early 1960s. Such a card to this day is recognized by identity cards in 120 countries.

In neighboring Kazakhstan, an ID-card is a smart card with a photo, the owner's initials, TIN and nationality of the owner. Issued to all citizens of Kazakhstan from 16 years of age for a period of 10 years. The card allows, instead of using a foreign passport, to enter the territory of Russia, Kyrgyzstan and Azerbaijan.

An ID card in the United States is the most unified document and eliminates the need to carry a passport with you. The ID allows you to travel within the country, buy alcohol, issue bank cards, and also drive a car.

One of the last countries to present an ID card was Ukraine in January 2016. It is issued to all citizens from the age of 14 to meet EU standards and will have to replace all internal paper passports in the next 5 years.

Opinion

Honored Art Worker of Uzbekistan, Professor of the IFJ UzSUWL Tursunali Kuziev on the introduction of ID-cards:

Uzbekistan is rapidly making up for a lot of lost time. There are many things that have lagged behind. objective reasons... Nevertheless, there is often a purely human factor, when one or another official, expecting a command or a go-ahead from above, becomes the reason for the backlog of technologies needed by society. One of these tools in the modern world is ID-cards.

Back in 1994, while in South Korea, we, the artists of Uzbekistan, who came to this unfamiliar country with the first exhibition, appreciated the convenience of ID-cards. Then they made it easier for Korean artists to move around their country, quickly and without unnecessary stress, solved many issues.

Europe has long since freed itself from unnecessary troubles with the introduction of ID-cards. It is both an achievement and a tool for many conveniences in society. There is a moment of guaranteeing the freedom of the individual, in the end it is an indicator of culture and the level of development of society. Everything about technical convenience is listed by many observers. In a society where ID cards circulate naturally, it is also a cultural indicator.

Why is an ID card more convenient than a passport?

In addition to the overall features (the ID-card looks like a bank plastic card and is slightly larger than a business card), the card will become a unified document. Result: the ability to use your ID-card as a driver's license, TIN, electronic passes and electronic keys. This will eliminate the need to carry a pile of documents, photocopies and additional passes with you every day. The cards also include a contactless chip that cannot be copied or replaced.

All information about a citizen, which will be in a regular passport, is included in the ID-card. This will simplify the procedure for identifying a person, if necessary. In addition, if the ID-card is made of plastic, it is much better protected from mechanical damage and water, without requiring such careful handling.

How will this work in practice?

Another issue is the difficulty of switching to an ID-card. Its widespread implementation involves equipping all visa centers, embassies, banks, hospitals and even, probably, traffic police cars (if it replaces a driver's license) with special reading equipment.

In addition, the ID-card must be designed in such a way as to contain letter information about registration of place of residence and marital status. Such a problem was encountered in Ukraine, when it became necessary to carry documents on marital status and registration with an ID-card. On the other hand, information about marital status and place of residence should be embedded in an electronic chip, so as not to disclose your home address to anyone who will take your card in hand.

Ideally, the ID-card should become one of the most secure documents, which can even contain an EDS (electronic digital signature). It will become a means of remote authentication for signing documents, which will further stimulate the development of electronic services.

It is possible that it would be more reasonable to make the transition to ID-cards step-by-step, and at the initial stages - completely voluntary. World experience shows that large companies and institutions will be more interested in servicing clients with ID-cards, therefore they will begin to independently purchase equipment for reading them. Even under the condition that the first obvious benefits the owners of such cards will be able to appreciate only 1-3 years after their introduction and receipt.

ID cards

Identification card or ID card(from the English. Identity Document) - an official identity document, including in electronic systems of different levels and purposes, usually made in the format of a plastic card.

The ID card usually contains information about the holder in text, machine readable and electronic forms, including his photo, name, personal number, signature sample, biometric information recorded on an electronic chip or magnetic stripe.

In a broad sense, identification cards are all types of plastic cards containing personalized information. In this sense, they can include driver's licenses, bank cards, electronic passes, etc.

National ID cards

ID cards are widespread in the world. In some countries, the issuance of official IDs is compulsory, while in others it may be voluntary. The age at which the card is issued also varies.

ID card standards

There are a number of international standards that define almost all properties of plastic cards, from the physical properties of plastic, size, and ending with the content of information placed on the card in one way or another. For example:

ISO 7810 - Identity cards - physical characteristics;
ISO 7811 - Identity cards - recording methods;
ISO 7812 - “Identification cards - numbering system and registration procedure for issuers' identifiers” (5 parts);
ISO 7813 - Identity Cards - Cards for Financial Transactions;
ISO-4909 - Bank Cards - Content of the third track of the magnetic stripe;
ISO-7816 - "Identity cards - IC cards with contacts" (10 parts)

The geometric dimensions of the cards must comply with the requirements of ISO-7810 "identification cards - physical characteristics" and have the following dimensions: